Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK 2 > Skeletal Muscle and Nerve Tissue Histology > Flashcards

Skeletal Muscle and Nerve Tissue Histology Flashcards

1
Q

function of muscle

A

generate force for movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how do muscles generate energy?

A

energy from ATP is converted to mechanical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

function of skeletal muscle

A

voluntary movements and postural stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

function of cardiac muscle

A

contract the heart to pump blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

function of smooth muscle

A

involuntary movements for respiration, digestion, blood vessel control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

description of skeletal muscle

A

striated, strong, quick, voluntary, fatigable, multinucleated, large cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

description of cardiac muscle

A

striated, strong, quick, involuntary, never fatigues, uninucleated, branched cells, separated by intercalated discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

description of smooth muscle

A

not striated, weaker, slow and rhythmic, involuntary, uninucleated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

myofiber/myocyte/muscle fiber

A

muscle cell made of myofibrils surrounded by endomysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

myofibril

A

chains of sacromeres linked together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sacromere is the _____ of muscle made of _____

A

contractile unit of muscle, actin and myosin filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

fascicle is a group of ____ surrounded by ____

A

group of myofibers surrounded by perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

muscle is a group of ____ surrounded by ____

A

fascicles, epimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

myosin

A

2 heavy chains with globular heads that have actin binding site with ATPase domain, 2 light chains
held in place by Titin proteins connected to Z-disk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is actin made of?

A

F-actin monomers (globules)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

actin monomers bind together to form

A

double stranded chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

nebulin

A

“ruler” for determining length of actin filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tropomyosin

A

wrap between the actin strands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

troponin

A

sits on tropomyosin strands and covers myosin binding sites on actin filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

M-line

A

attachment site for myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Z-disk

A

separates sarcomeres; attachment site for actin and titin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

H band

A

space on either side of M-line where there is no actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A band

A

distance from the end of one myosin head to the head of the opposite myosin (overlap of actin and myosin and H band)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

I band

A

space on either side of the Z-disk where there is no myosin

25
Q

muscle contraction mechanism

A

troponin blocks the myosin binding site on actin
Ca2+ released from the SR binds to troponin causing conformational change
actin binding site is accessible to myosin head and can bind

26
Q

sliding mechanism

A

thin filaments slide past thick filaments bringing Z-disks closer together
all myofibrils contract at the same time making the entire muscle shorten

27
Q

type I muscle fiber

A

slow, less powerful contraction, many mitochondria (red), abundant myoglobin, slow fatigability, aerobic respiration

28
Q

type IIA muscle fiber

A

fast/intermediate powerful contraction, many mitochondria (red), many myoglobin, intermediate fatigability, aerobic respiration (less O2 delivery)

29
Q

type IIB muscle fiber

A

fast, powerful contraction, few mitochondria, few myoglobin, rapid fatigability, anaerobic respiration

30
Q

sarcolemma

A

membrane around each muscle cell

31
Q

transverse (T) tubules

A

membrane system penetrating the muscle cell to convey electrical impulses from sarcolemma into cell

32
Q

sarcoplasm

A

cytoplasm of muscle cell

33
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

tubular system acting like the smooth ER

34
Q

terminal cisternae

A

flattened sac of SR on either side of a transverse (T) tubule

35
Q

triad

A

T-tubule + 2 Terminal cisternae (1 on either side)

36
Q

end feet

A

connect T tubules with SR to allow Ca2+ release

37
Q

neuromuscular junction

A

skeletal muscle innervated by peripheral a-motor neurons from the anterior horn of the spinal cord, 1 nerve per muscle fiber, >1 muscle fiber per nerve

38
Q

neuromuscular spindle apparatus action

A

reflexive response to prevent overstretching of a muscle

39
Q

neuromuscular spindle apparatus components

A

extrafusal muscle fibers, intrafusal muscle fibers, type Ia sensory nerve fibers, a-motor nerve fibers, g-motor nerve fibers

40
Q

extrafusal muscle fibers

A

contract the muscle

41
Q

intrafusal muscle fibers

A

sense length and rate of change of the muscle

42
Q

type Ia sensory nerve fibers

A

afferent innervation of intrafusal fibers

43
Q

a-motor nerve fibers

A

efferent innervation of extrafusal muscle fibers

44
Q

g-motor nerve fibers

A

efferent innervation of intrafusal muscle fibers

45
Q

type Ia fibers

A

sense stretch and rate of change of intrafusal fibers

46
Q

A-motor neurons

A

receive signal from type Ia fibers and cause extrafusal muscle fibers to contract (shorten)

47
Q

G-motor neurons

A

receive signal from type Ia fibers and cause intrafusal muscle fibers to contract (shorten)

48
Q

soma/body

A

contains all the organelles of the neuron

49
Q

nissle substance

A

abundant rER with in the cytoplasm of the soma

50
Q

dendrite

A

receives signals from other neurons

51
Q

axon hillock

A

connection btwn soma and axon (summates electrical signals received by all dendrites to transmit down axon)

52
Q

axon

A

conveys electrical impulse to synapse

53
Q

synapse

A

transfers electrical impulse from the neuron to the target tissue

54
Q

multipolar

A

multiple dendrites and one axon

55
Q

bipolar

A

single dendrite (multiple extensions) and one axon

56
Q

psudounipolar

A

one cell process with a single dendrite branch and axon branch

57
Q

schwann cell

A

surround axon and create myelin sheath in PNS, wraps around one part of one axon

58
Q

oligodendrocyte

A

surrounds axon and create myelin sheath in CNS, wraps around many axons

59
Q

myelin sheath

A

circumfrential layers of myelin allowing for faster signal conduction velocity

MSK 2 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions