skeletal muscle

Question 1

function of skeletal muscle

Answer 1

movement
posture
heat production

Question 2

different types of muscle shape

Answer 2

parallel
circular
convergent
pennate (uni pennate, bi pennate, multi pennate)

Question 3

parallel muscle

Answer 3

good for movement but weak contraction (found in neck)

Question 4

circular muscle

Answer 4

e.g. sphincter muscles

allows things to shut

Question 5

convergent muscle

Answer 5

fibres meet at single point

Question 6

pennate

Answer 6

feather like
muscle fibres insert at an angle into tendon
e.g. muscles of thumb

Question 7

uni pennate muscle

Answer 7

shorter contraction and shorter range of movement

Question 8

bi pennate

Answer 8

very strong contraction but short range of movement

Question 9

multi pennate

Answer 9

strongest contraction but shortest range of movement

Question 10

general muscle structure

Answer 10

muscle belly with tendon at each end

Question 11

digastric

Answer 11

2 muscle bellies connected by a tendon

Question 12

origin of muscle

Answer 12

stationary end

Question 13

insertion of muscle

Answer 13

more moveable end

Question 14

1st class lever system

Answer 14

resistance at one end
axis in the middle
force at the other end

Question 15

2nd class lever system

Answer 15

resistance in the middle
axis at one end
force at the other end

Question 16

3rd class lever system

Answer 16

resistance at one end
axis at the other end
force in the middle

Question 17

components of muscle

Answer 17

contractile cells = fleshly muscle belly
connective tissue (fibrous connective)
-surrounds bundles of contractile cells
-at one or both ends of fibrous is tends, connect to bone

Question 18

skeletal muscle cells

Answer 18

contractile cells and connective tissue
multinucleate cells = muscle fibre
myofibrils = actin and myosin filaments
hierarchical arrangement of fibres surrounded by collagen = allows gliding between bundles of fibres

Question 19

function of tendons

Answer 19

transfer force to muscle to bone to cause joint movement

Question 20

myotendinous junction

Answer 20

tendon attachment to musculoskeletal system

junction between muscle and tendon

Question 21

osteotendinous junction/enthesis

Answer 21

tendon attachment to musculoskeletal system

junction between bone and tendon

Question 22

biarticular muscles

Answer 22

muscles that cross more than one joint = contraction effects 2 joints (multi articular)
e.g. hamstrings