Skeletal Muscle

Question 1

Skeletal muscle accounts for what percentage of body weight?

Answer 1

50%

Question 2

How many different muscles are there in the body?

Answer 2

600

Question 3

What are the three types of muscle?

Answer 3

1. skeletal
2. cardiac
3. smooth

Question 4

Smooth muscle is found in the …..

Answer 4

digestive system, blood vessels

Question 5

What are the 5 muscle properties?

Answer 5

1. contractility
2. excitability
3. conductivity
4. elasticity
5. adaptability

Question 6

Contractility is…

Answer 6

ability to shorten and develop force

Question 7

Excitability is…

Answer 7

ability to respond to a stimulus

Question 8

Conductivity is…

Answer 8

ability to transmit electrical impusles throughout muscle

Question 9

elasticity is…

Answer 9

ability to elongate (stretch) and return to original length

Question 10

Adaptability is…

Answer 10

Ability to change characteristics following exposure to a stimulus

Question 11

A stimulus would be considered …

Answer 11

training, de-training, immobilization

Question 12

What is a muscle attachment?

Answer 12

location on bone where muscle connects

Question 13

The origin of a muscle is…

Answer 13

attachment point thats less movable (the fixed end)

Question 14

The insertion of a muscle is….

Answer 14

attachment point thats more movable (ie. wrist to elbow)

Question 15

The characteristics of the bone in which muscles are attached to are…

Answer 15

tubercles, trochanters, crests

Question 16

What criteria are used to name skeletal muscles?

Answer 16

• location (intercostal muscle)
• shape (deltoid muscle)
• size (gluteus maximum)
• direction of fascicles (rectus abdominis)
• location of attachments (brachioradialis)
• number of origins (biceps)
• actions (adductor brevis)

Question 17

What are prime movers?

Answer 17

muscles providing major force for a specific movement

Question 18

What are antagonists?

Answer 18

Muscles that oppose a particular movement

Question 19

What are Synergists?

Answer 19

Muscles that have the same effect (adds force to a movement)

Question 20

What is an example of a synergist?

Answer 20

elbow flexion
(biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis all work together)

Question 21

What are Fixators?

Answer 21

Synergists that immobilize a bone or muscles origin

Question 22

What are the MAIN 3 criteria for naming skeletal muscles?

Answer 22

1. Number of origins
2. Location of attachments
3. Action

Question 23

Typically muscles contract in what direction?

Answer 23

Towards the origin

Question 24

What are the prime movers of jaw closure?

Answer 24

temporalis and masseter

Question 25

Force is generated by the _____ in muscle.

Answer 25

Striations

Question 26

Cranial nerve V is responsible for the function of the ______ and ______ muscles.

Answer 26

Temporalis and masseter muscles

Question 27

The splenius capitis is a muscle in the neck that is responsible for what motion?

Answer 27

Head extension, rotation, and lateral bending

Question 28

The splenius cervicis is a muscle in the neck that is synergistic with the splenius capitis. As a result, it is responsible for what motion?

Answer 28

Head extension, rotation, and lateral bending

Question 29

What are the intrinsic (deep) muscles of the back?

Answer 29

- capitis = attachment to head - cervicis = cervical, neck motion - thoracis = thorax - lumborum = low back

Question 30

What is the deepest abdominal muscle?

Answer 30

Transverse abdominal

Question 31

What is the most superficial abdominal muscle?

Answer 31

External abdominal oblique

Question 32

The deltoid muscle contributes towards what motions?

Answer 32

- arm flexion (sagittal) - abduction (frontal) - extension (post. sagittal)

Question 33

The pectoralis major contributes to what motions?

Answer 33

-Horizontal adduction -Internal rotaion

Question 34

The biceps brachii contributes to what motions?

Answer 34

- elbow flexion - arm flexion - forearm supplination

Question 35

The brachialis muscle contributes to what motions?

Answer 35

elbow flexion

Question 36

The brachioradialis contributes to what motions?

Answer 36

- elbow flexion - forearm neutral

Question 37

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 37

S.I.T.S - Supraspinatous (superior) - Infraspinatous - Teres minor - Subscapularis (inferior)

Question 38

The rotator cuff muscles are involved in what motion?

Answer 38

Humeral rotation (internal/external)

Question 39

The triceps brachii is involved in what motions?

Answer 39

- elbow extension - shoulder extensions

Question 40

The anconeus muscle is involved in what motion?

Answer 40

elbow extension

Question 41

The latissimus dorsi is involved in what motion?

Answer 41

- arm adduction - internal rotation

Question 42

Name the muscle that carries out the following motion: Anterior elbow flexion and extension

Answer 42

brachialis