Skeletal Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal muscle accounts for what percentage of body weight?

A

50%

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2
Q

How many different muscles are there in the body?

A

600

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3
Q

What are the three types of muscle?

A
  1. skeletal
  2. cardiac
  3. smooth
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4
Q

Smooth muscle is found in the …..

A

digestive system, blood vessels

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5
Q

What are the 5 muscle properties?

A
  1. contractility
  2. excitability
  3. conductivity
  4. elasticity
  5. adaptability
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6
Q

Contractility is…

A

ability to shorten and develop force

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7
Q

Excitability is…

A

ability to respond to a stimulus

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8
Q

Conductivity is…

A

ability to transmit electrical impusles throughout muscle

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9
Q

elasticity is…

A

ability to elongate (stretch) and return to original length

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10
Q

Adaptability is…

A

Ability to change characteristics following exposure to a stimulus

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11
Q

A stimulus would be considered …

A

training, de-training, immobilization

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12
Q

What is a muscle attachment?

A

location on bone where muscle connects

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13
Q

The origin of a muscle is…

A

attachment point thats less movable (the fixed end)

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14
Q

The insertion of a muscle is….

A

attachment point thats more movable (ie. wrist to elbow)

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15
Q

The characteristics of the bone in which muscles are attached to are…

A

tubercles, trochanters, crests

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16
Q

What criteria are used to name skeletal muscles?

A
  • location (intercostal muscle)
  • shape (deltoid muscle)
  • size (gluteus maximum)
  • direction of fascicles (rectus abdominis)
  • location of attachments (brachioradialis)
  • number of origins (biceps)
  • actions (adductor brevis)
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17
Q

What are prime movers?

A

muscles providing major force for a specific movement

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18
Q

What are antagonists?

A

Muscles that oppose a particular movement

19
Q

What are Synergists?

A

Muscles that have the same effect (adds force to a movement)

20
Q

What is an example of a synergist?

A

elbow flexion
(biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis all work together)

21
Q

What are Fixators?

A

Synergists that immobilize a bone or muscles origin

22
Q

What are the MAIN 3 criteria for naming skeletal muscles?

A
  1. Number of origins
  2. Location of attachments
  3. Action
23
Q

Typically muscles contract in what direction?

A

Towards the origin

24
Q

What are the prime movers of jaw closure?

A

temporalis and masseter

25
Q

Force is generated by the _____ in muscle.

A

Striations

26
Q

Cranial nerve V is responsible for the function of the ______ and ______ muscles.

A

Temporalis and masseter muscles

27
Q

The splenius capitis is a muscle in the neck that is responsible for what motion?

A

Head extension, rotation, and lateral bending

28
Q

The splenius cervicis is a muscle in the neck that is synergistic with the splenius capitis. As a result, it is responsible for what motion?

A

Head extension, rotation, and lateral bending

29
Q

What are the intrinsic (deep) muscles of the back?

A
  • capitis = attachment to head
  • cervicis = cervical, neck motion
  • thoracis = thorax
  • lumborum = low back
30
Q

What is the deepest abdominal muscle?

A

Transverse abdominal

31
Q

What is the most superficial abdominal muscle?

A

External abdominal oblique

32
Q

The deltoid muscle contributes towards what motions?

A
  • arm flexion (sagittal)
  • abduction (frontal)
  • extension (post. sagittal)
33
Q

The pectoralis major contributes to what motions?

A

-Horizontal adduction
-Internal rotaion

34
Q

The biceps brachii contributes to what motions?

A
  • elbow flexion
  • arm flexion
  • forearm supplination
35
Q

The brachialis muscle contributes to what motions?

A

elbow flexion

36
Q

The brachioradialis contributes to what motions?

A
  • elbow flexion
  • forearm neutral
37
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

S.I.T.S
- Supraspinatous (superior)
- Infraspinatous
- Teres minor
- Subscapularis (inferior)

38
Q

The rotator cuff muscles are involved in what motion?

A

Humeral rotation (internal/external)

39
Q

The triceps brachii is involved in what motions?

A
  • elbow extension
  • shoulder extensions
40
Q

The anconeus muscle is involved in what motion?

A

elbow extension

41
Q

The latissimus dorsi is involved in what motion?

A
  • arm adduction
  • internal rotation
42
Q

Name the muscle that carries out the following motion:

Anterior elbow flexion and extension

A

brachialis

43
Q
A
44
Q
A