Introduction to Anatomy

Question 1

What is anatomy?

Answer 1

Study of structure and function of a living organism

Question 2

What are the three aspects that anatomy considers?

Answer 2

structure, function, physiology

Question 3

What is the structure of the lungs?

Answer 3

right (3 lobes), left (2 lobes)

Question 4

What is the function of the lungs?

Answer 4

ventilation and respiration

Question 5

What is the physiology of the lungs?

Answer 5

pressure changes due to diffusion

Question 6

In the anatomical position, in which direction are the palms facing?

Answer 6

Forward

Question 7

What are the two regions of the body grouped into?

Answer 7

Axial and appendicular

Question 8

What does the Axial region consist of?

Answer 8

head, neck, and trunk

Question 9

What does the appendicular region consist of?

Answer 9

The extremities

Question 10

What are the different types of planes that divide the body?

Answer 10

Frontal (coronal)
Transverse (horizontal)
Sagittal (longitudinal)

Question 11

The frontal plane divides the body into…

Answer 11

anterior and posterior halves
(front and back)

Question 12

Movements that occur parallel to this plane are considered…

Answer 12

planar movements

Question 13

The two frontal plane movements for the extremities are…

Answer 13

AB-duction (away from body)
AD-duction (towards body)

Question 14

The two frontal plane movements for the trunk and head are…

Answer 14

right and left bending

Question 15

The transverse plane divides the body into…

Answer 15

upper and lower halves

(upper and lower body)

Question 16

Movement of the extremities in the transverse plane consists of…

Answer 16

internal and external rotation

Question 17

Movement of the trunk and head in the transverse plane consists of…

Answer 17

right and left rotation

Question 18

The sagittal plane divides the body into…

Answer 18

right and left parts

Question 19

What are the two subsections of the sagittal plane?

Answer 19

mid-sagittal
para-sagittal

Question 20

The mid-sagittal plane is divided into…

Answer 20

equal left/right divisions

Question 21

The para-sagittal plane is divided into…

Answer 21

unequal left/right division

Question 22

Movement of the extremities in the sagittal plane consists of…

Answer 22

flexion , extension, hyperextension

Question 23

Movements of the trunk and head in the sagittal plane consists of…

Answer 23

flexion, extension

Question 24

What is the dorsal body cavity, and what does it consist of?

Answer 24

Back
- cranial cavity
- vertebral cavity

Question 25

What is the cranial cavity?

Answer 25

inside of the skull - houses brain and fluid

Question 26

What is the vertebral cavity?

Answer 26

vertebral column - houses spinal cord and fluid

Question 27

What does the ventral body cavity contain?

Answer 27

visceral organs

Question 28

What are the two main divisions of the ventral body cavity?

Answer 28

Thoracic cavity Abdominopelvic cavity

Question 29

What does the thoracic cavity contain?

Answer 29

heart and lungs - ABOVE the diaphragm

Question 30

What does the abdominopelvic cavity consist of?

Answer 30

Abdominal and pelvic cavity

Question 31

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

Answer 31

digestive internal organs - BELOW the diaphragm

Question 32

What does the pelvic cavity contain?

Answer 32

urinary bladder, reproductive organs and rectum -BELOW the abdominal cavity

Question 33

What does anterior (ventral) refer to?

Answer 33

Front of body

Question 34

What does posterior (dorsal) refer to?

Answer 34

Back of body

Question 35

What does superior (cranial) refer to?

Answer 35

Above

Question 36

What does inferior (caudal) refer to?

Answer 36

Below

Question 37

What does medial refer to?

Answer 37

towards midline of body

Question 38

What does lateral refer to?

Answer 38

away from midline of body

Question 39

What does proximal refer to?

Answer 39

near trunk of body (point of attachment)

Question 40

What does distal refer to?

Answer 40

farther from trunk of body (point of attachment)

Question 41

What does superficial (external) refer to?

Answer 41

towards surface of body

Question 42

What does deep (internal) refer to?

Answer 42

away from surface of body

Question 43

What does ipsilateral refer to?

Answer 43

on same side of body

Question 44

What does contralateral refer to?

Answer 44

on opposite sides of body

Question 45

What are the three types pf reinforcing ligaments in synovial joints?

Answer 45

Capsular (intrinsic). Extracapsular Intracapsular

Question 46

What are the four types of synovial joints?

Answer 46

Plane (intercarpal joints - wrist) Condyloid (metacarpo-phalangeal joint) Ball & socket (hip and shoulder) Hinge (elbow joint)

Question 47

What is angular motion?

Answer 47

change in position between segments ie. forearm in comparison to rest of arm