Site selection Flashcards
What is important in site selection?
Environmental Conditions, business considerations and grape variety.
What is the environmental condition factors?
Average temp, rainfall, soil type, drainage, sunlight.
What is business considerations?
The proximity of utilities, availability of workforce, accessibility of machinery.
What is grafting in a vineyard?
Transplanting young vinifera vine onto rootstock.
What is the common rootstock used in grapevine grafting?
Phylloxera-resistant rootstock.
What is done when the grafted vines are planted? How long does it take for it to produce the first yield?
Vines are surrounded with plastic sleeves to protect against herbicide and grow a good root system. 3 years.
How long are the vines being replaced and how long should the site be left fallow?
30 years and 3 years.
Why canopy management?
- The vines would produce grapes ripe enough for the bird not for winemaking.
- The vine might focus on the growing plant than fruits,
- Control vine vigour and encourage fruit ripening.
What is canopy management?
Winter & spring pruning, shoot thinning, leaf stripping, vine training, shoot positioning.
What are the differences between an open canopy and close canopy?
Open canopy: Most leaves and fruit exposed to the sun and is warmed in the day and cooled in the night. Leaves and fruit are exposed to ambient humidity and the wind speed similar to ambient.
Close canopy: Many leaves and fruit in shade, resulting in the interior temp are closer to the ambient temp day and night. WInd speed is reduced in the canopy so the humidity is well above ambient.
What is pruning?
Selection removal of unwanted leaves, canes and permanent woods in either winter or summer.
What is trellising?
Creative a permanent structure of the vine using stalks and wires.
What is training?
The permanent wood and cane trained to follow the trellising system.
What are the two types of winter pruning?
Cane pruning and spur pruning.
What is cane pruning?
It is the commonly used method in New Zealand. It is suitable for vines of low vigour and cool-climate region. This takes greater skill as it required manually cutting and correctly selecting cane (1 or 2).
