Single-Family Dwellings June 2013

Question 1

A ___ is a detached structure constructed to house one or more families in a single place of residence.

pg 1

Answer 1

single-family dwelling

Question 2

There are several common types of ___ found in the Northern Virginia region: colonial, rambler or ranch, Cape Cod, split foyer, split level, balloon frame, hybrid, McMansions/estate homes, and cluster homes.

pg 2

Answer 2

single-family dwellings

Question 3

This style of home usually has two stories above ground. This home may or may not have a basement. The front door leads into the main entryway and stairwell for the structure. All rooms will typically branch off of this entryway. Living and dining areas are usually on the first level and bedrooms are on the second floor.

pg 2

Answer 3

Colonial Style

Question 4

___or ___ style homes are usually one story and may or may not have a basement. The floor plan is typically very open and the presence of large windows should be expected. Additionally, these homes will often have large extended eaves.

pg 3

Answer 4

Ranch or rambler

Question 5

This style home is typically one-and-a-half stories above ground. The front door provides access to the main stairwell leading to the upper bedrooms and basement, if present. The top floor will contain knee walls and dormers.

pg 3

Answer 5

Cape Cod

Question 6

A ___ is usually two stories with stairs at the foyer level, which will allow access to both levels of the home. The presence of living quarters could be expected on the basement level.

pg 4

Answer 6

split foyer

Question 7

A ___ is two to three levels. The front entry is on one level between an upper and lower floor; a short set of stairs will be encountered upon entry that will lead upstairs and downstairs. Bedrooms are typically located on the second floor level.

pg 4

Answer 7

split level

Question 8

This style home is similar to the layout of a colonial house with exception of the wall construction. ___ construction walls are built with long, continuous studs that run from the basement to the attic. The presence of the fire stops between floors is non-existent, leading to rapid fire spread.

pg 5

Answer 8

Balloon Frame

Question 9

___ houses are a new genre that is becoming more popular. They can be a variation of several different styles. ___ homes are typically wood frame and are two separate occupancies separated by a fire wall in a one story portion of the structure. This space can be a storage shed, garage or breezeway. Consideration shall be given to potential for extension to exposure occupancy.

pg 5

Answer 9

Hybrid

Question 10

Single-family dwelling with large square footage, often referred to as an ___ or ___.

pg 7

Answer 10

estate home or McMansion

Question 11

___ are a community of single-family detached homes, usually constructed of lightweight building materials that are in a very close proximity to each other, usually ten feet or less.

pg 7

Answer 11

Cluster homes

Question 12

The following discribes what style of home:

• The square footage of these homes typically ranges from 3,000 to well over 6,000 square feet
• Due to the sheer square footage, they can have HVAC components in the attic area
• The interior layout of the structure is similar to Colonial-style homes
• The first floor typically consists of living and dining areas with bedrooms being located on the upper floors

pg 6

Answer 12

McMansion/Estate Homes

Question 13

A high potential for lateral fire spread exists in ___ developments because firewalls are nonexistent.

pg 7

Answer 13

cluster home

Question 14

The following discribe what type/style of home:

• These homes can be one to three stories in height with windows facing the exposures, leading to rapid horizontal fire spread.
• These homes present many challenges to the first alarm units depending on the involvement of the structure.
• Exposures are a major problem concern due to their close proximity.

pg 8

Answer 14

cluster homes

Question 15

The attic space found when a roof is constructed of ___ is usually non-finished without a full floor. This space is commonly used for storage.

pg 10

Answer 15

trusses

Question 16

The attic space found when a roof is constructed of ___ can be finished and floored. This space may be used for storage or as an occupied living area, usually a bedroom.

pg 10

Answer 16

rafters

Question 17

In Cape Cod-style homes, the presence of ___ should be suspected.

pg 10

Answer 17

knee walls

Question 18

Access to ____ can be gained by one of three ways: a scuttle located in the hallway outside the bedroom or in the master bedroom closet, a pull-down stairway, or a constructed stairway (found mostly in older homes).

pg 10

Answer 18

Attics

Question 19

Engineered I-beams exposed to fire fail within ___ and all attempts need to be made to ensure whether they have been impinged upon.

pg 12

Answer 19

five minutes

Question 20

Casement windows create a special hazard. These types of windows are found in construction dating from the late ___ to the late ___.

pg 13

Answer 20

1940s to 1960s

Question 21

when making your lap of a structure and egress windows are noted, this may indicate ___ in the basement.

pg 13

Answer 21

sleeping quarters

Question 22

The hydraulic door opener is not recommended on ___ because of its lack of practicality.

pg 14

Answer 22

single-family dwellings

Question 23

Most fires in single-family dwellings start in the vicinity of ___ or ___.

pg 17

Answer 23

cooking or heating appliances

Question 24

SFH are considered to have a relatively low fire loading. Fire flow estimates will be based on a flow rate of ___ of involved area. Therefore, attack lines should be 13⁄4 inches in size.

pg 17

Answer 24

10 GPM per 100 square feet

Question 25

The ___ in single-family dwellings as a result of fire is related to two distinct factors:

1) the presence or absence of lightweight construction materials
2) whether or not the fire is attacking the structural components or contents only.

pg 18

Answer 25

potential for collapse

Question 26

The greatest collapse potential exists when fire is in the basement attacking the ___ under the first floor.

pg 18

Answer 26

vital structural supports

Question 27

The rescue problem should be addressed by a thorough ___ for life that focuses on the tenable areas adjacent to the fire area, as well as the bedrooms and means of egress.

pg 19

Answer 27

interior primary search

Question 28

When large GPMs are required on the exterior it is acceptable to use ___ side by side.

pg 20

Answer 28

two 1 3⁄4-inch lines

Question 29

The need for roof openings typically will only be required when the fire has ___ or has gained access to ___.

pg 20

Answer 29

entered the attic area or vertical void spaces

• Conventional construction provides the needed support to accomplish rooftop ventilation.
• Lightweight construction does not provide the support necessary and may result in early collapse

Question 30

The minimum resources assigned to incidents of reported fires in these types of structures are:

pg 21

Answer 30

• 4 Engine Companies
• 2 Truck Companies
• 1 Rescue Squad
• 1 EMS Unit
• 2 Battalion Chiefs
• 1 EMS Supervisor
• 1 Command Aide.

Question 31

The assigned resources for fires in single-family dwellings in areas without hydrants should be modified to include a Tanker Task Force early into the incident:

pg 21

Answer 31

• 3 Tankers
• 1 Engine Company
• 1 Battalion Chief

Question 32

Units arriving after the truck should be cognizant of the possible need for access to the ground ladders and keep the rear open at least ___ for ground ladder deployment.

pg 22

Answer 32

50 feet

Question 33

A ___ hose lay of a supply line(s) shall be used when possible.

pg 24

Answer 33

forward (or straight)

Question 34

The attack (fire attack) should be made from the ___ of the structure toward the seat of the fire.

pg 27

Answer 34

unburned portion

Question 35

The purpose of the ___ is to protect occupants, the interior stairway, and, if possible, advance to the seat of the fire for confinement and extinguishment.

pg 27

Answer 35

initial attack line

Question 36

___ are a common structural feature of single-family homes that extend the ends of rafters or trusses of a pitched roof over exterior walls and are often enclosed by nailing a fascia (board) to the ends of rafters or trusses and a soffit to the underside.

pg 28

Answer 36

Eaves

Enclosed eaves are usually an extension of the attic, making it very vulnerable to auto exposure.

Question 37

A quick way of getting two handlines in service on the fire floor is by the use of the ___.

pg 40

Answer 37

leader-line

An additional option is to stretch 3-inch hose and a gated wye to the fire floor landing

Question 38

A good indication of numerous occupants (in a home) is the tendency to ___ to contain the amount of parked vehicles.

pg 41

Answer 38

pave the entire front lawn

Question 39

If venting a first or second floor window, breaking windows is most efficiently accomplished by use of a ___.

pg 43

Answer 39

pike pole

Question 40

On the second and third floors, the most efficient means of accomplishing ___ may be done by placing a ladder against the building and climbing with a pike pole that will reach two or more windows.

pg 43

Answer 40

horizontal ventilation

Question 41

Priority should be given to the sleeping areas and consideration for ___ must be given if fire has possession of the stairs or the first floor is untenable.

pg 45

Answer 41

VES

Question 42

Laddering at a fire in a single-family dwelling should be done, at a minimum, to the ___of all floors above ground level, with attention given to the ___.

pg 46

Answer 42

front and rear and bedroom windows