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Biochemistry Lab > Simple Lipids > Flashcards

Simple Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

detection of fats

A

Purpose of spot test

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2
Q

lipids are non-volatile due to their high boiling point

A

Principle of spot test

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3
Q

translucent spot on paper

A

Positive result of spot test

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4
Q

general test for lipids

A

Purpose of solubility test

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5
Q

lipids are hydrophobic = nonpolar = soluble in organic or nonpolar solvents

A

Principle of solubility test

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6
Q

Chloroform, Alcohol, Water

A

Reagents of solubility test

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7
Q
  • soluble in chloroform
  • partially soluble in alcohol
  • insoluble in water
A

Positive result of solubility test

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8
Q

to detect unsaturated fats

A

purpose of unsaturation test

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9
Q

halogenation via addition to the double bond

A

principle of unsaturation test

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10
Q

Bromine water

A

Reagents of unsaturation test

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11
Q

decolorization

A

Positive result of unsaturation test

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12
Q

to detect glycerol

A

purpose of acrolein test

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13
Q

dehydration

A

Principle of Acrolein test

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14
Q
  • Potassium hydrogen sulfate
  • Concentrated sulfuric acid
A

Reagents of acrolein test

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15
Q

glycerol → acrolein (pungent smell)

A

Positive result of acrolein test

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16
Q

test for molecular weight of fatty acids

A

Purpose of Saponification Test

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17
Q

hydrolysis

A

principle of Saponification Test

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18
Q

Sodium hydroxide

A

Reagents of Saponification Test

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19
Q
  • bubbles
  • large bubbles = short fatty acids
  • fine bubbles = long fatty acids
A

Positive result of Saponification Test

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20
Q

to detect cholesterol

A

Purpose of Liebermann-Buchard Test

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21
Q

dehydration, oxidation

A

Principle of Liebermann-Buchard Test

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22
Q
  • Chloroform
  • Sulfuric acid
  • Acetic anhydride
A

Reagents of Liebermann-Buchard Test

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23
Q
  • Bis 3,5-cholestadiene monosulfonic acid (blue-green solution)
  • red or pink → purple → blue → blue-green solution
A

Positive result of Liebermann-Buchard Test

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24
Q

to detect cholesterol

A

Purpose of Salkowski’s Test

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25
Q

dehydration, condensation, addition

A

Principle of Salkowski’s Test

26
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

Reagents of Salkowski’s Test

27
Q

sulfuric acid dehydrates lipid → condensation of 2 cholesterol molecules → addition/sulfonation → Bis 3,5-cholestadienyl disulfonic acid (red solution)

A

Positive result of Salkowski’s Test

28
Q

to detect glycolipids

A

Purpose of Molisch’s Test

29
Q

dehydration, condensation

A

Principle of Molisch’s Test

30
Q
  • Sulfuric acid
  • α-naphthol
A

Reagents of Molisch’s Test

31
Q

sulfuric acid dehydrates glucose molecule → 5-hydroxymethyl furfural → condensation with α-naphthol → (violet ring at the junction)

A

Positive result of Molisch’s Test

32
Q

to detect alpha-amino acids

A

purpose of Ninhydrin Test

33
Q

oxidative deamination and decarboxylation

A

Principle of Ninhydrin Test

34
Q

Ninhydrin in ethanol

A

Reagents of Ninhydrin Test

35
Q

amino → ammonia → react with ninhydrin → Ruhemman’s purple (purple solution)

A

Positive result of Ninhydrin Test

36
Q

to isolate the DNA

A

purpose of Isolation of DNA

37
Q

breakdown of cell membrane, precipitation of DNA, remove contaminating biomolecules

A

Principle of Isolation of DNA

38
Q
  • Sodium chloride or salt
  • Detergent
  • Lysozyme
  • Ice cold ethanol
  • EDTA
A

Reagents of Isolation of DNA

39
Q

isolated DNA

A

Positive result of Isolation of DNA

40
Q

to detect phosphate backbone

A

Purpose of Phosphate Test or Ammonium Molybdate Test

41
Q

hydrolysis

A

Principle of Phosphate Test or Ammonium Molybdate Test

42
Q
  • Acid hydroxylate
  • Ammonium molybdate
  • Concentrated nitric acid
A

Reagents of Phosphate Test or Ammonium Molybdate Test

43
Q

ammonium phosphomolybdate (yellow precipitate)

A

Positive result of Phosphate Test or Ammonium Molybdate Test

44
Q

phosphoric acid, sugar, nitrogenous base

A

Positive result of Hydrolysis of Nucleic Acids

45
Q

to detect deoxyribose in DNA

A

Purpose of Dische Test

46
Q

dehydration

A

Principle of Dische Test

47
Q
  • Phosphoric acid in acetone or ethanol
  • Diphenylamine
A

Reagents of Dische Test

48
Q

phosphoric acid dehydrates deoxyribose → levulenaldehyde → bind with diphenylamine → condensation product (blue solution)

A

Positive result of Dische Test

49
Q

to detect purines

A

Purpose of Murexide Test

50
Q

oxidation and ammonia addition

A

Principle of Murexide Test

51
Q
  • Nitric acid
  • Ammonia
A

Reagents of Murexide Test

52
Q

nitric acid oxidizes purine → purpuric acid → add ammonia → ammonium purpurate or murexide (violet solution)

A

Positive result of Murexide Test

53
Q

to extract and purify RNA for gene expression

A

Purpose of RNA Extraction

54
Q

separation of RNA after extraction in an acidic solution, followed by centrifugation

A

Principle of RNA Extraction

55
Q
  • Lysis buffer
  • Chloroform
  • Oligo (dT) magnetic beads
  • Release buffer
A

Reagents of RNA Extraction

56
Q

extracted RNA

A

Positive result of RNA Extraction

57
Q

to detect pyrimidines

A

Purpose of Wheeler-Johnson Test

58
Q

neutralization

A

Principle of Wheeler-Johnson Test

59
Q
  • Bromine water
  • Barium hydroxide
A

Reagents of Wheeler-Johnson Test

60
Q

Bromine water + pyrimidine → dialuric acid → add barium hydroxide → isodialuric acid (purple precipitate)

A

Positive result of Wheeler-Johnson Test

Biochemistry Lab (8 decks)

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