Simple Harmonic Motion And The Reference Circle Flashcards
Total distance in 1 cycle
4 amplitudes
(No retarding forces) the amplitude the same to either side of the equilibrium point
Undamped SHM
What is the period of the motion in relation to the amplitude
INDEPENDENT!
What does the period of a simple pendulum depend on?
Length
Gravitational field strength
What does the period of a mass on a spring depend on?
Mass
Stiffness of stirring
What is hookes law
Any time. Spring is deformed from it’s ordinary size, it exerts a force to resist that deformation
When the amplitude of oscillation decreases
Damped SHM
For a pendulum when does the object come to rest
When changing direction
Pendulum
When is the object moving at the greatest speed
When the object is at the equilibrium point
At which point in the cycle is the acceleration of a pendulums the greatest
at the ends of the motion
Which point is the acceleration of a pendulum zero
At the equilibrium point
In which direction is a mass on the pendulum accelerating when moving toward an endpoint
Toward equilibrium point
In which direction is a mass on the spring accelerating when moving toward the equilibrium point
Toward the equilibrium point
Describe the speed of the pendulum changes as it moves from one endpoint going to the opposite end point
The speed starts zero, increases continuously until the object reaches equilibrium point. It then begins to decrease continuously, becoming zero at the opposite end point.
What forces directly responsible for the acceleration of a pendulum
Parallel component of the force of gravity
How can the force responsible for the acceleration of a pendulum cause different accelerations at different points if it is a constant-magnitude force
The angle increases as the object approaches the endpoint - the vertical increases
Which force is directly responsible for the acceleration pattern of a mass oscillating at the end of a spring?
The restoring force of spring
Hookes law
What characteristic of the spring force produces the acceleration pattern experienced by the mass
The distance the spring deforms
x
How is the pendulum or springs velocity compared to the acceleration change as the object moves through a cycle of motion
Inversely related
Starting at an endpoint what does the velocity of the object look like
Sine graph
Starting at the equilibrium point what does the velocity look like
Cosine graph
Starting at an end point what does the acceleration of an object look like
Cosine graph
Starting at equilibrium point what does the acceleration look like
Sine graph
Real springs have mass. How will the true frequency differ from those given by the equations from mass oscillating on the end of an idealized massless spring?
Since the mass of the real spring will add to the total mass of the system, the period Will increase and the frequency will decrease
If a pendulum clock is accurate at sea level will it gain or lose time when taken to high-altitude
At higher altitude gravity decreases this will cause the period of the pendulum to increase since it will take longer to swing back-and-forth o’clock will run slow and will lose time
Does mass have a effect on the frequency of the pendulum
No
How do you increase the frequency of oscillation for a pendulum
Decreased the length of the pendulum or move it to a location with a greater gravitational value
Which point in a swing are you accelerating linearly
At every point except the equilibrium point. Each of those positions, the motion is somewhat vertical. This causes the gravitational force on it to have a nonzero component along the line of motion (FG parallel)
Would a swing working deep space
No because the gravitational force is what causes the acceleration. Without it, the object would either not move at all or travel at a constant speed in a circular path
How do you decrease oscillation in a spring
Replace the spring with a more flexible one so the spring constant is smaller or add mass
What is the direction of acceleration on a spring
Downward because the downward force of gravity is larger than the upward force exerted by the spring
Would a spring work any differently on the moon
No because the gravitational field strength does not affect the period of oscillation
