simple definition.

Question 1

What is adenine?

Answer 1

A nitrogen base in DNA that pairs with thymine.

Question 2

What is an allele?

Answer 2

Different versions of a gene.

Question 3

What is an amino acid?

Answer 3

Building blocks of proteins.

Question 4

What is anaphase?

Answer 4

Stage in cell division when chromosomes are pulled apart.

Question 5

What is a base in DNA?

Answer 5

A part of DNA that pairs with another base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

Question 6

What is a base pair?

Answer 6

Two bases that pair together in DNA (e.g., adenine-thymine).

Question 7

What is the cell cycle?

Answer 7

The series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide.

Question 8

What is cell division?

Answer 8

The process where one cell divides into two cells.

Question 9

What is a chromosome?

Answer 9

Structures made of DNA that carry genes.

Question 10

What is crossing over?

Answer 10

Exchange of genetic material between chromosomes during meiosis.

Question 11

What is cytosine?

Answer 11

A nitrogen base in DNA that pairs with guanine.

Question 12

What is a daughter cell?

Answer 12

The new cells formed after cell division.

Question 13

What is DNA?

Answer 13

Molecule that carries genetic information.

Question 14

What is a dominant allele?

Answer 14

An allele that shows its trait even when only one copy is present.

Question 15

What is a dominant trait?

Answer 15

Trait that appears when at least one dominant allele is inherited.

Question 16

What is a double helix?

Answer 16

The twisted ladder structure of DNA.

Question 17

What is fertilization?

Answer 17

The process where male and female gametes combine to form a zygote.

Question 18

What is a gene?

Answer 18

A section of DNA that codes for a specific trait.

Question 19

What is a generation?

Answer 19

A group of individuals born and living around the same time.

Question 20

What is a genotype?

Answer 20

The genetic makeup of an organism (the alleles it has).

Question 21

What is guanine?

Answer 21

A nitrogen base in DNA that pairs with cytosine.

Question 22

What is heterozygous?

Answer 22

Having two different alleles for a gene.

Question 23

What is a homologous pair?

Answer 23

A pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, that are similar in shape and size.

Question 24

What is homozygous?

Answer 24

Having two identical alleles for a gene.

Question 25

What is inheritance?

Answer 25

The process of passing traits from parents to offspring.

Question 26

What is interphase?

Answer 26

The phase of the cell cycle when the cell is preparing to divide.

Question 27

What is meiosis?

Answer 27

A type of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells).

Question 28

What is mitosis?

Answer 28

A type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells.

Question 29

What is metaphase?

Answer 29

Stage in cell division when chromosomes line up in the middle.

Question 30

What is a mutation?

Answer 30

A change in the DNA sequence.

Question 31

What is a parent cell?

Answer 31

The original cell before division.

Question 32

What is a pedigree?

Answer 32

A diagram that shows the inheritance of traits in a family.

Question 33

What is a phenotype?

Answer 33

The physical expression of a genotype (what you see).

Question 34

What is prophase?

Answer 34

First stage of mitosis where chromosomes become visible.

Question 35

What is a protein?

Answer 35

Large molecules made of amino acids that do most of the work in cells.

Question 36

What is a recessive allele?

Answer 36

An allele that only shows its trait when two copies are present.

Question 37

What is a recessive trait?

Answer 37

Trait that only appears if two recessive alleles are inherited.

Question 38

What is a sex chromosome?

Answer 38

Chromosomes that determine an individual's sex (X and Y).

Question 39

What is simple inheritance?

Answer 39

A type of inheritance where one gene controls a trait.

Question 40

What is telophase?

Answer 40

Final stage of cell division where the cell starts to split.

Question 41

What is thymine?

Answer 41

A nitrogen base in DNA that pairs with adenine.

Question 42

What is a trait?

Answer 42

A characteristic or feature of an organism, like eye color or height.