silly notebook notes Flashcards
enzyme inducing anti-epileptic drugs, what can they not be used with
carbamazepine
phenytoin
topiramate
vascular dementia on SPECT
patchy reduced attenuation through out brain
wernickes sx that delirium tremens dont have
wide based ataxia
ophthalmoplegia
passivity phenomena
belief that thoughta/actions are controlled by external agent
ideas of reference
false belief that random or irrelevant occurences directly relates to them
antipsychotic for someone with diabetes + hypertension
aripiprazole
(?low side effect profile)
overvalued idea example
anorexic thinks they’re “horribly fat”
where does fluid go when supine
hepatorenal recess
where does it go in aspiration pneumonia
right lower lobe
chlamydia microbio
does NOT stain with gram
intracellular organism that produces both elementary bodies + reticulate bodies during cell cycle
diagnosed by PCR
when would u give clozapine
treatment resistant schizo
whats uhthoff phenomenon and when does it occur
transient worsening of neurological symptoms related to a demyelinating disorder on increased temp (exercise, fever, hot tubs)
MS
L’Hermittes sign
an electric shock-like sensation that occurs on flexion of the neck. This sensation radiates down the spine, often into the legs, arms, and sometimes to the trunk
can indicate MS
serum Na in SIADH
low Na due to excessive dilution
wheres brocas area and damage to it causes what
left frontal gyrus
expressive dysphasia
wheres wernickes
left posterior superior temporal gyrus
receptive dysphasia
right hemiparesis + dysphagia stroke
middle cerebral artery
reversal of heparin
protamine sulphate
increase or decrease potassium increases digoxin toxicity
hypOkalaemia
careful with furesomide
clopidogrel MoA
antagonist against adenosine diphosphate receptor
neutropenic sepsis prophylaxis
fluroquinolone
(levofloxacin, ciprofloaxcin)
embden-myerhof pathway
anarobic glycolysis pathway - generates ATP + NADH (reveres Fe3+ to Fe2+)
NADH acts as electron donor preventing oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+
(generates NAD+ in process)
hexose monophosphate shunt
generates NADPH
protects against oxidative stress
*regenerates glutathione
RATE LIMITING ENZYMES = G6PD
glutathione
protects from free radical with unpaired electrons (hydrogen peroxide) by reacting with it to form water + oxidase glutathione product (GSG)
-> maintains redox balance
-> replenised via hexose monophosphate shunt
rapaport-lubering shunt
generates 2,3, DPB that right shifts oxygen dissociate curve + allows more O2 to be released