SIGNS AND EPONYMS Flashcards
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Apple-jelly sign
A yellowish hue is produced from pressure on the lesion with a glass slide
Granulomatous process; lupus vulgaris, sarcoidosis, lupoid leishmaniasis, lupoid rosacea, pseudolymphoma
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Asboe–Hansen sign
Lateral extension of a blister with downward pressure
Noted in blistering disorders in which the pathology is above the basement membrane zone
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Auspitz sign
Pinpoint bleeding at the tops of ruptured capillaries with forcible removal of outer scales from a psoriatic plaque
Not entirely sensitive or specific for psoriasis
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Chronic cutaneous lupus
Horny plugs at the undersurface of scale removed from a lesion
When the adherent scale is lifted from more advanced lesions, keratotic spikes similar in appearance to carpet tacks can be seen to project from the undersurface of the scale
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Buttonhole sign
Neurofibroma
Anetoderma
A flesh-colored, soft papule feels as though it can be pushed through a “buttonhole” into the skin
The examining finger sinks without resistance into a distinct pit with sharp borders as if into a hernia ring (buttonhole sign). The protrusion reappears as soon as the pressure from the finger is removed
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Darier sign
Noted in urticaria pigmentosa and rarely with **cutaneous lymphoma or histiocytosis
**
The Darier sign and pruritus are variable in patients with telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans
Urticarial wheal produced in a lesion after it is firmly rubbed with a finger or the rounded end of a pen; the wheal, which is strictly confined to the borders of the lesion, may not appear for several minutes
This is a wheal and flare reaction induced by scratching a lesion of mastocytosis. Nonlesional skin does not produce such a reaction.
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Dermatographism
Symptomatic dermatographism represents a physical urticaria
Firmly stroking unaffected skin produces a wheal along the shape of the stroke within seconds to minutes
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Pseudo-Darier sign
Noted in congenital smooth muscle hamartoma
Transient induration of a lesion or piloerection after rubbing
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
**Fitzpatrick (dimple) Sign **
Dermatofibroma
Dimpling of the skin with lateral compression of the lesion with the thumb and index finger produces dimpling as a result of tethering of the epidermis to the dermal lesion
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Nikolsky sign
Noted in blistering disorders in which the pathology is above the basement membrane zone; relevant entities include pemphigus vulgaris and toxic epidermal necrolysis
Lateral pressure on unblistered skin with resulting shearing of the epidermis
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
V-sign
Trichotillomania
2 or more hairs emerging from 1 follicular unit are broken at the same length
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
**Pastia Sign **
Scarlet Fever
A few days following generalization of the exanthem, it becomes more intense around skinfolds and lines of confluent petechiae resulting from increased capillary fragility
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Crowe sign
Pathognomonic of NF-1
Axillary freckling
Unlike ordinary freckles in these locations, these lesions are not related to sun exposure,
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Schamroth sign
When the 2 opposite fingers are held together,there is a narrow lozenge space between the proximal nail areas in normal persons whereas this diamond-shaped window is absent in clubbed nails, and the angle between the free nail margins is greater than 30 degrees
The angle between the proximal nailfold and the nail plate
Lovibond angle
if this angle is >180 degrees = Clubbing
Clubbing is a characteristic sign of chronic hypoxemia and thus frequently indicates a cor pulmonale.
Identify. Give the associated condition/s where this is observed.
Groove sign
Eosinophilic Fasciitis/ Shulman Syndrome
Depression along the course of the superficial veins that is more marked upon elevation of the affected limb
Can be seen along lines of vessels when arms are lifted or extended laterally.
