Sigmund Freud Psychoanalysis Flashcards
this theory place big emphasis on the influence of childhood experiences to personality
Psychoanalytic
Freud believed that people are
motivated primarily by drives of?
which they have little or no awareness
Freud believed that all human behaviors have a?
Cause
Sigmund Freud was born in
Freinsberg, Moravia (now Czechoslovakia)
Freud lived in for 80 years
Vienna
Freud first used
(induction of a state of consciousness in which a person apparently loses the power of voluntary action and is highly responsive to
suggestion or direction) for treating hysteria but later abandoned it because he found out that not all his patients could be hypnotized.
According to Freud, personality consists of three interacting forces
a. the Id, b. Ego and c. Superego.
It is concerned only with satisfying personal desires, regardless of the physical or social limitations that might prevent us from getting whatever we want. The
actions taken by the id are based on the pleasure principle.
Id
It uses wish fulfillment to satisfy its needs: If a baby is hungry and doesn’t see food nearby, the id imagines the food and thereby at least temporarily satisfies the need. (CHILD)
Id
The primary job is to mediate/ balanced the demands of the Id and the outer forces of reality. Possibilities of right or wrong. (OLDER SIBLING)
Ego
The moral arm of the personality. It is formed when a child reach the age of 5 and develops from the internalized patterns of reward and
punishment received from the parents.
Superego
Freud postulated a dynamic, or motivational principle, to explain the driving forces behind people’s actions. To Freud, people are motivated to two things?
To seek pleasure
and to reduce tension and anxiety.
Freud used the German word Trieb to refer to a stimulus within the person. It operates as a constant motivational force
Drives
the aim of this drive is pleasure, but this pleasure is not limited to genital satisfaction.
Sex (Eros) Libido
Sex can take many forms
narcissism, love, sadism, and masochism
Besides the genitals, the mouth and anus are especially capable of producing sexual pleasure are called
Erogenous Area
manifested during the infant who are primarily self-centered, with their libido invested almost exclusively on their own ego.
Narcissism
develops when people invest their libido on an object or person other than themselves
Love
the need for sexual pleasure by inflicting pain or humiliation on another person.
Sadism
the need for sexual pleasure from suffering pain and humiliation inflicted either by themselves or by others.
Masochism
This is considered as the destructive drive. The aim of this drive is to return the organism to an inorganic state. Ultimate inorganic condition is death, thus, the final aim is self-destruction.
Aggression (Thanatos)
Aggression drive can take any forms such as?
Such as teasing, gossip, sarcasm, humiliation, humor, and the enjoyment of other people’s suffering.
Freud emphasized that it is a felt, affective, unpleasant state accompanied by a physical sensation that warns the person against impending danger.
Anxiety
Three Kinds of Anxiety
Neurotic, Moral and Realistic Anxiety
Apprehension about an unknown danger. Anticipating unpleasantness. The fear of not knowing something sure.
Neurotic Anxiety
Stems from the conflict between the ego and superego.they may experience
anxiety as an outgrowth of the conflict between realistic needs and the dictates of their superego. Right or the wrong.
Moral anxiety
This kind of anxiety is defined as an unpleasant, nonspecific feeling involving a possible danger. It is closely related to fear.(Real Life situation)
Realistic anxiety
The ego has at its disposal many different techniques, which can be used to deal with unwanted thoughts and desires.
Defense Mechanism
Mechanism by which the ego prevents anxiety-provoking thoughts from being entertained in the conscious level.( A child, who faced abuse by a parent, later has no memory of the events but has trouble forming relationships.)
Repression
Channelling or substituting of negative id impulses into socially acceptable actions. (Diverting to other positive and rightful things)
Sublimation
Channelling or substituting our impulses from an original target to another person or object. (For example, if a manager screams at an employee, the employee doesn’t scream back—but he may yell at his spouse later that night.)
Displacement
We simply state that certain facts do not exist. We are insisting that something is not true, despite all evidence to the contrary. (Someone denies that they have an alcohol or substance use disorder because they can still function and go to work each day)
Denial
Concealing a motive by giving strong expression to the opposite. (a young boy who bullies a young girl because, on a subconscious level, he’s attracted to her).
Reaction Formation
Attributing an unconscious impulse to other people instead of to oneself. (A married man who is attracted to a female coworker, but rather than admit this to himself, he might accuse her of flirting with him. )
Projection
Process of justifying one’s conduct by offering socially acceptable reasons in place of real reasons. The excuses are made up to hide or
disguise the true motive
Rationalization
Pretending to dislike what one really likes.( a student who fails to get into medical school and justifies herself by saying “I didn’t really want to be a doctor anyway”.)
a. Sour Grape
Pretending to like what one really dislike.( a student who is rejected from her dream college may explain that she’s happy to be attending a school that’s less competitive and more welcoming.)
b. Sweet-lemon
The process of engaging in substitutive behaviour in order to cover up or make up social or physical frustration or a lack of ability in a certain area
of personality. (Looks/ Pagkukulang )
Compensation
Mechanism in which a person turns to behaviour that in earlier years reduced anxiety.(A child who reverts to thumb-sucking, a behavior typical in toddlers, during stressful times such as the first day of school. Despite having outgrown this behavior, the stress of the new environment triggers)
Regression
Mechanism whereby people incorporate positive qualities of another person into their own ego.( a person who picks up traits from their friends)
Introjection
“cancel out” or “make-up” for a bad act by doing good. An example of undoing would be excessively praising someone after having insulted.
Undoing
Techniques used by Freud to dreams are the “royal road to the unconscious”- that dreams provide the id impulses with a stage for expression. They are a type of wish fulfilment, that is, a representation of what the individual would like to have.
Dream Analysis
A subject is presented with ambiguous stimuli (Images) and asks the person to respond with a story, the identification of objects, or perhaps a drawing. Responses are individual and indicative of something going on deep inside the mind, something the person may not be aware of.
Projective Test
Spend a few minutes to clear your mind of thoughts. Then allow whatever comes into your mind to enter. Say whatever you feel like saying, even if it is not what you expect and even if you are a little surprised for embarrassed by what comes out. If you are successful in allowing these free-flowing ideas into your awareness,
you have experienced what some call the fundamental rule of psychoanalysis. (Talk therapy, and no filter thoughts)
Free Association
These are the commonly called slips of the tongue or pen, misreading, incorrect hearing, misplacing objects, and temporarily forgetting names or intentions that are not chance accidents but reveal a person’s unconscious intentions.
Freudian Slips (Parapraxes)
Early experiences with hypnosis helped Freud to understand that there was more to the human mind than what one can bring into awareness. He argued late in his career that hypnosis provided proof for the existence of the unconscious. (Talk therapy, Cathartic Method)
Hypnosis
According to Freud, for a joke to be funny, it must contain anxiety provoking material. According to Freud, if you want to know what has been repressed in a person’s mind, examine what he or she finds humorous. (Natural Observation)
HUmor
Just as our dreams are interpreted by Freudian psychologists as symbolic representations of our unconscious desires, so too can many of our daily
behaviors be taken as symbolic gestures of these unconscious thoughts. (Natural observation)
Symbolic Behavior
