Sigmund freud Flashcards
Define “Subjective”
Gut feelings, internal verification, likely unscientific methods
Define “Objective”
Quantitative measurements, and external verification, might be
scientific methodology
What is the Evaluation framework
The scientific method, Alternative explanations, Applications, Your subjectivity
Describe the “Scientific methods” in the Evaluation framework.
Operational definitions in data collection?
✓ An observable and measurable statement of the variable
❑ Falsifiable?
✓ Can a theory be refuted by empirical testing?
❑ Are obtained findings reliable?
✓ The extent to which findings are consistent
❑ Validity?
✓ External - The extent to which the findings can be applied to other
people, situations, settings
Define “Alternate explanations” in the the Evaluation framework
More than one explanation?
* Which one should we consider?
Define “Applications” in the Evaluation framework
Putting it into operation
* Useable?
* Further inquiry?
Define “Your subjectivity” in the Evaluation framework
How you feel about a theory. your biases.
Define the theory of “Impulses”
Acting without conscious thought
What is the impulse’s source of energy called?
libido
What is the “Psyché”?
Mind structure
What are the three basic structures of the psyche?
the Id, Ego, and Super- Ego
What are the three levels of consciousness?
The conscious, preconscious, and the unconscious.
Define “Cathexis”.
The process by which the available libidinal energy in the psyche becomes attached/invested in something.
Define “Defense mechanisms”.
A method by which the ego defends itself against unbearable
anxiety.
Define “The Id”.
The base from which the rest of the personality emerges. Biological in nature. Goals - reduce tension, increase pleasure, and reduce discomfort.
Define “The Ego” and its role.
The Ego is the part of the psyche in contact with external reality. Protects the “Id” but also draws energy from it. - Controls voluntary movement.
Define “The super ego”.
The Superego serves as a judge or censor over the activities and thoughts of the “Ego”. - Morals.
List all 9 DM’s
- Denial
- Projection
- Repression
- Regression
- Reaction formation
- Rationalization
- Displacement
- Isolation
- Sublimation
Define “Denial”
Exclud reality - Protecting self from unpleasant reality by refusing to perceive it
Define “Projection”
Places inner feelings on the outer world - Disguising your own disturbing impulses by attributing them to
someone else.
Define “Repression”
Avoid reality - Pushing painful or dangerous thoughts into the unconscious
Define “Regression”
Withdrawal from reality - Retreating to earlier, less frustrating developmental stages & displaying
childish responses reminiscent of that more secure time
Define “Reaction formation”
Reverse reality - Switching unacceptable id impulses into the opposite of what is truly
troubling the person.
Define “Rationalization”
Redefine reality - Attempting to prove that one’s behavior is rational and justifiable and
thus worthy of approval
Define “Displacement”
Disguise reality - Discharging pent-up feelings, usually of hostility, on objects less
threatening or safer than those that initially aroused the emotion
Define “Isolation”
Partition reality - Separating the anxiety-arousing parts of a situation from the rest of the
psyche.
Define “Sublimation”
Redirect reality - Dangerous urges are transformed into healthy, socially acceptable
actions and emotions
List all 3 Psychosexual Stages discussed in class.
*Oral
*Anal
*Phallic
What is the “ Theme” and “conflict” of the “oral stage.”
Birth-1. The mouth is the primary erogenous zone.
Theme: Mouth and feeding
Conflict: The child must give up breastfeeding (oral stimulation)
What is the “ Theme”of the “Anal stage.”
Toilet training (the demands of external reality) interferes with gratification received from defecation.
Theme: start at age 2 and 4 - control over anus and bladder - self-discovery - new pleasure.
What would a “Oral fixation look like”
Smoking and over eating.
What would a “Anal fixation look like”
Stubbornness, orderliness, and greed.
What would a “Phallic fixation look like”
Aggressive and overly sexual behavior
What is the “conflict” of the “Anal stage.”
Conflict: Must be Toilet training. The child learns toilet behavior is dirty but can also be praised.
Describe “The Phallic Stage”
It starts around 3 - focus on the genitals and desire. When a child becomes aware that they do or don’t have a penis. - conscious of sexual differences.
Conflict of “The Phallic Stage”
4-5 yrs. The stages of Oedipus complex and Electra Complex, and superego development.
Oedipus Complex and Electra Complex. - Fear and lust of both parents. - The “super-ego” prevents this.
What is “Psychoanalysis”
The Theory and Therapy of investigating the mental processes that are almost inaccessible in any other way. - Considerable and continual expenditure of libido.
Explain the “Theory of Psychoanalysis”
Analysis works to overcome the natural resistance and bring the id’s painful, repressed memories back into the conscious.
It suggests that it is possible, but difficult, to come to terms with the recurring demands of the “Id.”
What is the role of the “Psychoanalyst”?
To help the patient recall and recover unconscious materials so that the patient’s current life can become more satisfying.
Explain free association.
The patient is encouraged to verbalize without censorship or selection whatever thoughts come to mind.
Why did Froud understand dreams as wish fulfillment?
The dream is an alternative pathway to satisfy the Id (Base desires).
What is “Dream analysis”?
The investigation of repressed feelings that can be expressed in our dreams.
You can interpret your dreams by learning more about common symbols, keeping a dream diary, and trying to identify personal associations.
