Side Effects To Memorise Flashcards
Rifampicin
Orange tears/urine
Hepatitis
Isoniazid
Neuropathy
Hepatitis
Pyrazinamide
Hepatitis
Ethambutol
Optic neuritis
Phenytoin
Cerebellar syndrome, acne, coarse face, gum hypertrophy, hirsutism, inhibit COCP
Carbamazepine
Rash, dizziness, hyponatraemia, hair thinning, inhibit COCP, agranulocytosis
Sodium valproate
Tremor, weight gain, hair thinning, teratogenic
Lamotrigine
Rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
SSRI
Fluoxetine, citalopram, sertraline
Nausea, low libido, withdrawal, insomnia, hyponatraemia
TCA
Amitriptyline
Anti cholinergic, anti histaminergic, anti alpha adrenergic, hyponatraemia (SIADH), arrhythmia
MOA Inhibitors
Selegiline
Hypertension, hepatocellular jaundice, hyperthermia
ACE Inhibitors
Dry cough, postural hypotension, renal failure (renal artery stenosis), angioedema of the tongue, hyperkalaemia, profound hypotension when started
Check UE’s before and 2 weeks after starting
Calcium channel blocker
Amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil
Ankle oedema, headache, flushing, dizziness
Beta blocker
Diabetes risk, impotence, bradycardia, fatigue, cold hands and feet, sleep disturbance
Alpha blockers
Anti alpha adrenergic effects
Diuretics
Dehydration, hypotension, hyperuricaemia, hypokalaemia (except K sparing eg. Epleronone, spironolactone), hyponatraemia, hypomagnesia
Loop diuretics
Furosemide, bumetanide
Hypocalcaemia
Thiazide diuretics
Indapamide, chlorothiazide
Hypercalcaemia
Potassium sparring diuretics
Eplerenone, spironolactone
Hyperkalaemia, gynaecomastia
Sulfalazine
DMARD
Myleosuppression, oligospermia, hepatitis, SJ syndrome, erythema nodosum, renal disorders, discoloured urine
Chloroquine
DMARD
Retinopathy, tinnitus, myopathy
Methotrexate
DMARD
Hepatic toxicity, pulmonary toxicity, myelosupression, mucositis
TNF antagonists
DMARD
Infliximab, etanercept
Infusion reaction (including anaphylaxis), infections (TB reactivation), autoimmune reactions, blood disorders
Cyclophosphamide
DMARD
Haemorrhagic cystitis, myelosupression, alopecia
Insulin
Hypoglycaemia, fat hypertrophy at injection site, hypokalaemia, weight gain
Metformin
Weight loss, lactic acidosis, metallic taste, GI disturbance, B12 deficiency
Glicazide
Sulfonylurea
Hypoglycaemia, weight gain
Pioglitazone
Thiazolidinediones
Fluid retention- heart failure and oedema, hepatotoxicity, fractures
Sitagliptin
DPP4 Inhibitors
Pancreatitis
Empagliflozin
SGLT2 Inhibitors
UTI, thrush, ketoacidosis, weight loss, may increase risk of amputation
Antipsychotics
Anti dopaminergic, anti cholinergic, anti histaminegic, anti alpha adrenergic effects
Clozapine
Agranulocytosis
Chlorpromazine
Cholestatic jaundice
Haloperidol
Prolonged QT interval, temperature dysregulation
Lithium
Toxicity (tremor, ataxia, dysarthria), coma, convulsions, hypotension, diarrhoea, hypothyroidism, diabetes insipidus
Steroids
Diabetes risk, Cushingoid appearance, psychosis, osteoporosis, hypokalaemia, hyperglycaemia, infections, leukocytosis, risk of a vascular necrosis
Azathioprine
Myelosupression
Cyclosporine
Immunosuppressant eg. RA
tremor, interstitial nephritis, gum hyperplasia, burning in hands and feet, hypertrichosis (excessive body hair)
Levodopa
Nausea, red urine, postural hypotension, dyskinesias, on off phenomena, wearing odd effects
PPI
Omeprazole
Tinnitus, GI disturbance, headache, hyponatraemia, hypomagnesia
Amiodarone
Thyroiditis (hypo or hyper), pulmonary fibrosis, peripheral neuropathy, myopathy, grey skin, photosensitivity, hepatitis, metallic taste
Digoxin toxicity
Xanthopsia (yellow/ orange tint to vision), GI distress, any arrhythmia
Adenosine
Flushing, sense of impending doom
Metoclopramide
Drug induced Parkinson’s
Galactorrhoea