Side Effects Flashcards
Common drug causes of hyponatraemia?
Chlorpropramide, carbamazepine, SSRIs, TCA antidepressants, lithium, tramadol, haloperidol, desmopressin, NSAIDs, thiazide diuretics.
Common drug causes of hyperkalamia?
Potassium sparing diuretics, ace-I, ARBS, ciclosporin, heparin
Heparin because inhibit aldosterone synthesis.
Drug causes of pancreatitis?
Azathioprine, mesalazine, didanosine, bendroflumethiazide, furosemide, pentamidine, steriods, sodium valporate
What are the adverse effects of lithium?
L. - large (weight gain),lethargy, leucocytisis
I - intension tremor/ intracranial hypertension
T - t wave flattening/inversion on ECG
H - hypoothyrid (thyroid enlargement)
I - diabetes insipidus (nephrotoxic)
M - maternal - epistiens abnormality / Metallica taste
Side effects of quiniolones eg ciprofloxacin?
Lowers seizure threshold in patients with epilepsy
Lengthens QT interval
Drugs which lengthen QT interval?
Amiodarone
Ciprofloxacin
What are the side effects of amiodarone?
B - Bradycarida ( long QT)
I - interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
T - thyroid disease
C - corneal micro deposits (photosensitivity)
H - hepatitis/ hypersensitive skin (slate grey)
I - injection site reactions (thrombophlebitis)
N - neuropathy (peripheral)
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What are the side effects of methotrexate?
Mucositis Myelosuppression (avoid trimethoprim or cotrimoxazole as anti folate and cause marrow aplasia) Pneumonitis Pulmonary fibrosis Liver cirrhosis
Teratogenic!
What are the side effects of steriods?
S - stomach ulcers T- thin skin E- oEdema R- right and left heart failure O- osteoporosis I- infection (candida) D- diabetes (hyperglycaemia) S- Cushing Syndrome
What are the side effects of NSAIDS?
N - no urine (kidney failure) S - systolic dysfunction (heart failure) A - asthma I - indigestion (ulcers) D - dyscrasia (clotting disorders)
Which drugs that act at the kidneys cause hypo and hyper kalemia?
Hypo - bendoflumethiazide, loop
Hyper - ACE, spironolactone
Which drugs causes neutropenia?
Clozapine
Carbimazole (antithyriod)
Which drugs cause thrombocytopenia?
Penicillamine (used in RA treatment)
Heparin (HIT)
What are the side effects of cyclizine?
Anti-muscarinic eg dry eyes and mouth
Which antibiotic is known to cause acute liver toxicity (jaundice)?
Co-amoxiclav
Which drugs shouldn’t be used in peripheral vascular disease?
B-blockers eg atenolol
They cause peripheral vasoconstriction.
Ace inhibitors are not to be used in critical limb ischemia
