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CPY IWS UNIT 22022 > Sicilia - Appellations > Flashcards

Sicilia - Appellations Flashcards

1
Q

Which sides of vineyards on the volcano of Etna experiences more cool continental almost alpine like conditions with huge diurnal temperature swings?

A

On the northern and southern sides of the volcano

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2
Q

When was Masala Speciali category eliminated from Marsala DOC which was established in 1969?

A

1984

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3
Q

What wine region style Etna Rosso is being compared to?

A

Burgundy, elegant with fine tannins, bright acidity and aromatic finesse.

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4
Q

Which appellation was elevated to DOCG in 2005 to become the first DOCG in Sicilia?

A

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG(!)

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5
Q

What is the percentage of white wines in Siclia?

A

60%

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6
Q

What kind of climate conditions Vittoria DOC and Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG are in?

A

Fully Mediterranean, hot and arid.

Under extreme conditions, irrigation is permitted.

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7
Q

Which side of the volcano of Etna is the wettest with the rainfall concentrated mainly in autumn and winter?

A

The eastern side

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8
Q

What was the original DOC name Pantelleria received in 1971 which was among Sicilia’s first DOC?

And what name it was changed to in 2013 as an umbrella DOC that includes two flagship wines and six other types of Zibibbo based wines as well.

A

Moscato di Pantelleria DOC

Pantelleria DOC

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9
Q

True or False

Sicilia accounts for roughly 20% of Italy’s total wine production.

A

False

12%

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10
Q

What is the minimum grape content of Carricante for Etna Bianco Superiore DOC and what is the special requirement?

A

Minimum 80% Carricante

The fruit must come from the village of Milo.

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11
Q

Vittoria DOC produces varietal wines based on three grapes.

Name them.

A
  • Nero d’Avola
  • Frappato
  • Inzolia

Some of the most distinctive wines from Frappato are now produced under the Vittoria DOC.

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12
Q

What is another well known DOC with “Cerasuolo” not in Sicilia?

A

Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC (for Rosato wine)

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13
Q

What are two viable crops in Pantelleria Island?

A
  • Capers
  • Grapevine
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14
Q

How would the producers apply the second harvest of Zibibbo grapes done in September for Passito di Pantelleria?

A

The grapes are immediately vinified after picking. During the fermentation of the freshly picked grapes, the air dried grapes (de-stemmed by hand) are added at different intervals to the must.

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15
Q

Rare and red grape Nocera prized for its deep color that produces wines with high levels of tannin, alcohol and acid, is believed to be native of which winegrowing area?

A

Faro

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16
Q

What IGT replaced the old regional Sicilian IGT?

A

Terre Siciliane IGT

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17
Q

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG covers a small and isolated area where it is considered one of the best zones for Nero d’Avola.

Where is it?

A

In the middle of the Riesi DOC.

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18
Q

What is Concia as it relates to Marsala wine?

A

Process of adding grape spirit (and/or ethyl alcohol), motto cotto (cooked grape must), sifone (fortified grape must) and most concentrato (concentrated grape must) to the base wine.

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19
Q

What is a specific sub-zone for Nero d’Avola hailing from Eloro DOC and required grape composition?

A

Eloro Pachino with at least 80% Nero d’Avola, up to 20% Frappato and/or Pignatello (Perricone)

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20
Q

Which DOC is in the southeastern corner of Sicilia, sandwiched between the Ionian Sea to the east and the Sicilian Channel to the south?

A

Eloro DOC(!)

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21
Q

In practice what grapes make up (in percentage) most wines of Malvasia delle Lipari DOC?

A
  • 95% Malvasia di Lipari
  • 5% Corinto Nero (Corinto Nero is its legal blending partner and MUST represent 5-8% of the total)
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22
Q

Which Marsala wines are considered Marsala Conciati?

A
  • Marsala Superiore
  • Marsala Fine
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23
Q

What are the number of DOCs and DOCGs in Sicilia?

A

23 DOCs

1 DOCG

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24
Q

The wines of this appellation gained DOC status in 1976 but the appellation was almost non-existent until the 1980s and Palari estate further resuscitated the appellations in the 1990s.

The area is greatly impacted by winds. The vineyards mostly lie along the steep foothills of the Pelonian range on the Ionian and Tyrrhenian coasts.

A

Faro DOC (!)

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25
Q

True or False

Partial reason for Sicilia’s DOC/G appellation wine production increased from below 5% in 1990s to 20% today is the upgrade of Sicilia IGT to DOC status.

A

True

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26
Q

Along with three groupings of appellations in Sicilia - Northeast, Southeast, Western Sicilia, there is one additional grouping.

What is this additional grouping?

A

The islands of Pantelleria and the Aeolian archipelago.

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27
Q

What is the ageing requirement of Etna Rosso?

A

Total of 4 years with at least one year in oak

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28
Q

Sicilian appellations can be divided into three groupings

The following three historic administrative sub-divisions of the island correspond roughly to the three corners of the island.

Identify each with the geographical area:

  • Val Demone
  • Val di Noto
  • Val di Mazara
A
  • Val Demone - Northeast
  • Val di Noto - Southeast
  • Val di Mazara - Western Sicilia
29
Q

Based on grape proportion of Cerasuolo di Vittoria shows different character.

Describe the attributes when Frappato dominates and when Nero d’Avola dominates the blend.

A
  • High in Frappato: lighter and more fragrant
  • High in Nero d’Avola: Deeper in color, richer and fuller but less aromatic
30
Q

How many contrada MCAs can appear on labels of Etna DOC?

A

133 contrada MCAs in Etna DOC

The grapes must be grown entirely in the stated contrada.

31
Q

What are grape compositions of Faro wines?

A
  • Nerello Mascalese (45-60%)
  • Nerello Cappuccio (15-30%)
  • Nocera (5-10%)
32
Q

What are attributes of Marsala Superiore (6)?

A
  • Marsala Conciato
  • Matured in wood barrels for at least two years, the final wine must have a minimum of final alcohol content of 18% abv
  • Marsala Superiore can be released as Riserva after four years of wood maturation
  • Vintage may appear on labels
  • Accounts for approximately 20% of. total Masala production
  • Some of the finest examples of Marsala are made within the Superiore category, particularly Riserva
33
Q

What is the percentage of IGT wines of Sicilia’s total wine production?

A

40%

34
Q

What is Pantelleria Island’s most renowned wine made from air dried Zibibbo grarpes and considered the jewel of the appellation?

A

Passito di Pantelleria

35
Q

This DOC is one of the warmest and driest areas of the entire Sicilian island with fully Mediterranean climate with the presence of the sea on two sides (the Ionian Sea to the east and the Sicilian Channel to the south)?

A

Eloro DOC (!)

36
Q

Which island has most vineyards in Malvasia dell Lipari DOC?

A

The island of Salina

(vines are also cultivated on the Lipari and Vulcano Islands)

37
Q

What is the most important wine produced in Eloro DOC (!)?

A

Varietal Nero d’Avola (min 90%)

38
Q

What are two varietals NOT permitted under Terre Siciliane IGT permitted under the old Sicilia IGT?

A
  • Nero d’Avola
  • Grillo
39
Q

What is the signature wine of Etna DOC?

What are its grape composition?

A

Etna Rosso

Minimum 80% Nerello Mascalese

Up to 20% Nerello Cappuccio

40
Q

What are four most important varietals produced under Sicilian DOC?

A
  1. Nero d’Avola
  2. Grillo
  3. Catarratto
  4. Syrah
41
Q

In terms of total wine produced, Sicilia ranks in what position?

A

Third or Fourth (depend on the year, following Veneto, Puglia and sometimes by Emilia Romagna)

42
Q

Most of Etna DOC vineyards lie between 1,000-3000 ft/300-1,000 m, some of the highest in Italy and Europe.

Which part of the appellation at home for white grapes and which part is considered ideal for Nerello Mascalese?

A

White grapes are at home in the southern part of the appellation at elevation.

The northern part of the appellation is ideal for Nerello Mascalese.

43
Q

Which historic administrative sub-region, Southeast Sicilia corresponds to?

A

Val di Noto

44
Q

A handful of important and quality focused producers such as Tasca d’Amerita produce only two wines Rosso and Bianco in this DOC with Nero d’Avola, Perrcone and Catarratto.

The distance from the sea, altitude and a more mountainous topography creates a climate with continental influences and more “marginal” growing conditions (by Sicilian standards).

Name the DOC.

A

Contea di Sclafani (or Valledolmo-Contea Sclafani) DOC (!)

45
Q

What is the first and most important style demarcation of Marsala?

A

Between Marsala Vergine and those known as Marsala conciati (or “treated”) (Marsala Fine and Marsala Superiore).

46
Q

What is the village in Eloro DOC (!) that became well known in the second half of 19th century for the production of red vino da taglio made from Nero d’Avola?

A

Pachino

The village became synonymous for all Nero d’Avola based red wines produced in hte entire Eloro area.

47
Q

Which IGT has most wine production in Sicilia today?

A

Regional Terre Siciliane IGT

48
Q

True or False

Sicilia is one of Italy’s largest production of bulk wine.

A

True

49
Q

What are the grape make up of Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG?

A

50-70% Nero d’Avola

30-50% Frappato

(must have a minimum of 13% abv and cannot be released before June 1 of the year following harvest)

50
Q

True or False:

Two appellations - Vittoria DOC and Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG (!) cover exactly the same geographical area.

A

True

51
Q

What are attributes of Marsala Fine (4)?

A
  • Marsala conciato
  • Marsala Fine must be matured for a minimum of one year (with eight months in wood) and most have at least 17.5% abv
  • Although Marsala Fine is produced and drunk as apertif of after-dinner, the majority of Marsala Fine production is intended as a cooking ingredient and sold to the food industry
  • Marsala Fine accounts for approximately 80% of total Marsala production
52
Q

How Moscato di Pantelleria is different from Passito version?

A

It is yellow in color with golden highlights., lighter, fresher and notably less sweet less alcoholic and less viscous.

53
Q

What are two flagship wines of Pantelleria DOC?

A
  • Passito di Pantelleria
  • Moscato di Pantelleria
54
Q

Marsala label based on the color.

List them (3)

A
  • Oro (gold)
  • Ambra (amber)
  • Rubino (ruby)
55
Q

What is the principal grape of Pantelleria?

A

Zibibbo (Muscat of Alexandria)

56
Q

What is the only winegrowing area besides Etna where Nerello Mascalese and Nerello Cappuccio are considered traditional?

A

Faro DOC (!)

57
Q

What is grape composition of Etna Bianco?

A

Minimum of 60% Carricante

Up to 40% Catarratto Bianco

Up to 15% other white grapes

58
Q

True or False

Sicilia is one of the largest producers of fresh grape must and rectified concentrated grape must (used for wine enrichment)

A

True

59
Q

What are characteristics of Moscato di Pantelleria?

A

It is a sweet wine made from freshly harvested grapes.

.

60
Q

What is the percentage of total wine production in Sicilia by DOC/G appellations?

A

20%

61
Q

The old Sicilia IGT was quantitively the most important geographic designation for the island, used for both bulk and quality wines.

Since 2012 harvest, the regional Sicilia DOC replaced the Sicilia IGT.

What type of wines were no longer permitted under the new Sicilia DOC?

A

It has forbidden the bottling of Sicilian wine outside the region.

62
Q

Marsala can be labeled based on the amount of residual sugar.

List them (3)

A
  • Secco (dry)
  • Seisecco (semi dry)
  • Dolce (sweet)
63
Q

What producer made Contessa Entellina DOC in Western Sicilia particularly well known?

A

Donnafugata

64
Q

What is the difference between Malvasia delle Lipari wines labeled with “Passito” and without “Passito” appearing on the label?

A
  • “Passito” label version: Made from late-harvest grapes that go through additional appassimento on mats in the sun for one to three weeks. The finished wine must contain a minimum of 6% or 60 g/l of residual sugar
  • Wines labeled simply as Malvasia delle Lipari are sweet and made from late harvested grapes that do NOT go through the appassimento process.
65
Q

What are attributes of Marsala Vergine (9)?

A
  • The base wine is vilified from white grapes only
  • The wine is fortified by adding grape spirit (acquavite) and/or ethyl alcohol. No other additions can be made.
  • Matured in partially filled oak or cherry barrels
  • Minimum five years ageing requirements
  • The final wine must have less than 4% residual sugar and a final alcohol content of at least 18% abv
  • Marsala Vergine that has matured in wood barrels for at least ten years becomes Riserva (or stravecchio)
  • Both versions of Vergine can carry the vintage year on labels
  • The word Vergine on the label can be replaced by the traditional term “Soleras”
  • Marsala Vergine accounts for a tiny proportion of production but it is considered the most authentic and complex style of Marsala
66
Q

Which appellation makes Western Sicilia (Val di Mazara) the island’s most productive winegrowing area and one of the most densely planted in all of Italy?

A

Marsala DOC(!)

67
Q

This DOC encompasses the Aeolian Islands. The name of appellation is based on the name of the grape and produces sweet wines.

A

Malvasia delle Lipari DOC (!)

68
Q

Which DOC focuses on native grapes and is considered the traditional home of Nero d’Avola?

A

Eloro DOC (!)

69
Q

This appellation is Sicilia’s first DOC includes 20 villages in the province of Catania. Each village comprises several contrade.

It is a high-altitude cool winegrowing area which gives the wines a more northern character vs a classic southern Italian personality.

A

Etna DOC(!)

CPY IWS UNIT 22022 (24 decks)

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