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A&P III > SI review > Flashcards

SI review Flashcards

1
Q

FSH and LH works on

A

gonads

ovaries, testes

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2
Q

ova produced in

A

the cortex

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3
Q

normal sperm count

A

100 million/ mL

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4
Q

at birth neonate has

A

1-2 million oocytes

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5
Q

T3

A

active

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6
Q

tri iodothyronine

A

active

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7
Q

T4

A

inactive

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8
Q

thyroxine

A

inactive

stored

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9
Q

thyroglobulin

A

what made of

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10
Q

menarche

A

first period

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11
Q

need what for menarche

A

17% body fat

100 lbs

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12
Q

thelarche

A

breast formation

first stage

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13
Q

pubarche

A

axillary

pubic hair

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14
Q

glycogenesis

A

glucose –> glycogen

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15
Q

glycolysis

A

no mitochondria

glycogen–> glucose–> energy

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16
Q

gluconeogenesis

A 
new glucose (from amino acids etc.)
starvation
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17
Q

glycogenolysis

A

break down of glycogen–> glucose

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18
Q

lipase

A

lipids

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19
Q

amylase

A

carbohydrates

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20
Q

protease

A

protein

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21
Q

saliva enzymes

A

lipase

amylase

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22
Q

anterior pituitary hormones

A 
FSH
LH
TSH
ACTH
PRL
GH
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23
Q

posterior pituitary hormones

A

OT

ADH

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24
Q

FSH female

A

ovary (follicle)

–release estrogen

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25
Q

FSH male

A

stimulate spermatogenesis

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26
Q

LH female

A

ovulation

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27
Q

LH male

A

leydig cells

–produce testosterone

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28
Q

TSH

A

simulate thyroid hormone release T3 T4

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29
Q

ACTH

A

adrenal glands

increase release of cortisol (stress)

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30
Q

PRL

A

prolactin

  1. stimulate mammary gland development
  2. milk production stimulated
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31
Q

GH

A

growth hormone

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32
Q

releasing hormone FSH

A

GnRH

released from hypothalamus act on pituitary

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33
Q

releasing hormone LH

A

GnRH

released from hypothalamus act on pituitary

34
Q

releasing hormone TSH

A

TRH

released from hypothalamus act on pituitary

35
Q

releasing hormone ACTH

A

CRH

released from hypothalamus act on pituitary

36
Q

oxytocin

A

smooth muscle uterus contract

stimulate labor

37
Q

ADH

A

INCREASE water absorption in nephron

38
Q

another name of ADH

A

vasopressin

39
Q

Steroid (hormone) made from

A

cholesterol

40
Q

steroid (hormone) examples

A
  1. sex hormones (estrogen, testosterone)
  2. cortisol
  3. aldosterone
41
Q

protein (hormones) made from

A

amino acids

42
Q

protein (hormones) examples

A
  1. insulin
  2. GH
  3. LH
  4. FSH
  5. TSH
43
Q

peptide (hormones)

A

ADH
Ox
GnRH

44
Q

amide hormone examples

A

NE

Epinephrine

45
Q

pancreas can be

A

endocrine

exocrine

46
Q

CBD

A

common bile duct

exocrine

47
Q

pancreas secretes insulin

A

endocrine

48
Q

pancreas secretes enzymes

A

exocrine

lipase, amylase, protease

49
Q

pancreas cells

A

B islet

alpha islet

50
Q

B islet

A

secrete insulin

“lower” glucose

51
Q

alpha islet

A

release glucagon

“raise” glucose

52
Q

glycogen

A

stored glucose

53
Q

paracrine

A

one to nearby

same tissue

54
Q

autocrine

A

same cell

55
Q

endocrine

A

different organ

56
Q

bile, HCO3

A

neutralize ingesta in small intestine

57
Q

villa (are)

A

finger like projections inside small intestine

58
Q

microvilla

A

on villi

59
Q

villa (do)

A

increase surface area

absorb as many nutrients as possible

60
Q

stored in liver

A
  1. fat soluble vitamins
  2. produce bile
  3. detox
  4. store glycogen
61
Q

fat soluble vitamins

A

A D E K

62
Q

water soluble vitamins

A

B C

63
Q

bile is stored

A

gallbladder

64
Q

detox

A

alternate chemical formula

filter out body safely

65
Q

stored glycogen

A

glucose

66
Q

digestion begins

A

in mouth

67
Q

digestion ends

A

small intestine

68
Q

saliva composition

A
  1. amylase
  2. lipase
  3. mucus
  4. H2O
  5. lysozyme
69
Q

lysozyme

A

fight bacteria

70
Q

G cells

A

secrete gastrin

71
Q

gastrin

A

binds to parietal cells

increase HCl secretion

72
Q

parietal cells

A

secrete HCl

73
Q

chief cells

A

produce pepsinogen (inactive)

74
Q

peristalsis

A

rhythmic pushing of ingesta

75
Q

male carries

A

gender

76
Q

peristalsis occurs

A

entire GI tract

77
Q

mastication

A

chewing

78
Q

phenotype

A

things observed

eye color, hair, etc.

79
Q

primary sex organs

A

gonads

80
Q

secondary sex organs

A

penis, vagina

81
Q

turner’s syndrome

A

(chromosomes)

XO
missing
girls– infertile
non functioning ovaries

82
Q

Klinesfellers

A

XXY
male & female
(breast, penis, short arms, bulging tummy)

A&P III (6 decks)

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