SI: Factors

Question 1

Social factors affecting conformity

Answer 1

• Group size (bigger group=more conformity)
• Task difficulty (difficult task=more conformity)
• Anonymity (more anonymous=less conformity)

Question 2

Dispositional factors affecting conformity

Answer 2

• Personality (low IQ=high conformity)

- Expertise (high expertise+low conformity)

Question 3

Social factors affecting obedience

Answer 3

• Authority (More likely to follow orders from people who have authority as we trust them)
• Culture (Lower leaves of obedience in individualistic cultures vs collectivist cultures)
• Proximity (Closer to authority= higher obedience)

Question 4

Dispositional factors affecting obedience

Answer 4

• Authoritarian personality

- Cognitive style (people who think in black and white prefer to have rigid stereotypes)

Question 5

Social factors affecting bystander behaviour

Answer 5

• Presence of others (more likely to help others when we are alone than when others are present)
• The cost of helping (we weight up the cost and rewards of helping a person in need. Sometimes we decide that it is too costly to intervene)

Question 6

Dispositional factors affecting bystander behaviour

Answer 6

• Similarity to victim (when there are more similarities, bystanders are more likely to help)
• Expertise (More likely to help if they believe they have the skills required to help someone)

Question 7

Social factors affecting collective behavior

Answer 7

• Social loafing (We assume that people work better when they are a team but this is not always the case. Individuals often put less effort into a group task as diffusion of responsibility occurs)
• Deindividuation (When people lose their sense of individuality because they feel anonymous. People lose their sense of responsibility)
• Culture (Social norms within a culture can affect collective behaviour. In some societies such as China, people are preparers to work hard for the good of the people)

Question 8

Dispositional factors affecting collective behaviour

Answer 8

• Personality (Some people have an internal locus of control which means they believe they can control the things that happen to them (taking the blame))
• Morality (Their sense of what is right and what is wrong- e.g if people do not trust the police they may feel justified in abusing officers in collective situations)