Shoulder & Upper Arm

Question 0

Name the rotator cuff muscles.

Answer 0

Supraspinitus
Infraspinitus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

Question 1

Supraspinitus

Answer 1

O:  supraspinous fossa (scapula)
I:  greater tubercle (sup. facet)
A:  abduction of humerus @GH joint 
Nerve: suprascapular nerve
Artery: suprascapular artery
* most commonly injured

Question 2

Infraspinitis

Answer 2

O: infrspinous fossa (scapula)
I:  greater tubercle (middle facet)
A: lateral rotation of humerus @ GH joint
Nerve: suprascapular nerve
Artery: suprascapular artery

Question 3

Teres Minor

Answer 3

O: superior/middle portion of lateral border (scapula)
I: greater tubercle (inferior facet)
A: later rotation of humerus at GH joint
Nerve: axillary nerve
Artery: circumflex scapular and circumflex humeral
* forms superior border of quadrangle space

Question 4

Subscapularis

Answer 4

O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle
A: medial rotation of humerus at GH joint
Nerve: upper & lower subscapular nerve
Artery: circumflex scapular, dorsal and suprascapular artery

Question 5

Teres Major

Answer 5

O: inferior portion of later border (scapula)
I: medial lip of bicipital groove
A: medial rotation, addiction, and extension at GH joint
Nerve: lower subscapular nerves
Artery: circumflex scapular artery.

Question 6

Quadrangular Space.

Answer 6

Made of teres minor, teres major, tricep and humerus.

Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex artery travel through.

Question 7

Triangular space

Answer 7

Long and lateral head of triceps, teres major.

Contain deep brachial artery and radial nerve.

Question 8

What’s the difference between corocoid, conoid and coronoid?

Answer 8

Corocoid: small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the sup-ant scapula.

Conoid: the cone shaped ligament which connects the clavicle (at the conoid tubercle) and the corocoid process.

Coronoid process (ulna): Muscle attachment for brachialis. Sulky lower lip of proximal end of ulna

Question 9

Palpate and test the supraspinatus.

Answer 9

Place hand superior to scapular spine. Cannot palpate portion deep to acromion process. Can feel distal tendon on greater tubercle.

Resisted abduction is scapular plane.

Question 10

Palpate and test the infraspinatus.

Answer 10

Inferior to scapular spine. Inferior to delt (which is superficial to lateral half)

Tests by resisted external rotation of scapular plane. (Hornblowers test)

Question 11

Deltoid

Answer 11

Origin:
Anterior: clavicle
Middle: acromion
Posterior: scapular spine

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity

Actions:
  Anterior: abduction of humerus
                flexion
                 Medial rotation 
                Horizontal addiction

Middle: abduction

Posterior: abduction
Extension
Lateral rotation
Horizontal addiction

Nerve: axillary

Blood: circumflex humeral

Question 12

Coracobrachialis

Answer 12

Origin: coracoid process 
Insertion: medial shaft of humerus
Action: flexion
             Adduction
Nerve: musculocutaneous
Blood: brachial

Question 13

Biceps brachii

Answer 13

Origin:
  Long head: supraglenoid tubercle
  Short head: coracoid process
Insertion: radial tuberosity
                Bicipital aponeuroses
Action: shoulder flexion
             Elbow flexion
             Supination 
Nerve: musculocutaneous
Blood: brachial

Question 14

Brachialis

Answer 14

Origin: distal anterior humerus
Insertion: ulnar tuberosity
                Coronoid process
Action: elbow flexion
Nerve: musculocutaneous
Blood: brachial

Question 15

Triceps brachii

Answer 15

Origin:
  LONG: infraglenoid tubercle 
  LATERAL: prox. half of humerus
  SHORT: distal half of humerus
Insertion: Olecranon process
Action: elbow extension
Nerve: radial
Blood: deep brachial

Question 16

Brachioradialis

Answer 16

Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge 
Insertion: radial stylus process
Action: elbow flexion; bringing forearm to neutral after pronation, supination
Nerve: radial
Blood: brachial and radial