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Human anatomy > Shoulder region, anterior and posterior chest wall > Flashcards

Shoulder region, anterior and posterior chest wall Flashcards

1
Q

Name 7 features of the scapula

A
  1. Acromion
  2. Coracoid process
  3. Glenoid fossa
  4. Subscapular fossa
  5. Scapular spine
  6. Supraspinous fossa
  7. Infraspinous fossa
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2
Q

What 2 bones does the scapula articulate with?

A
  1. Clavicle- acromicoclavicular joint

2. Humerus- glenohumeral joint

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3
Q

Which muscles attach to the supra- and infra- glenoid tubercle?

A

Infraglenoid- long head of the triceps brachii

Supraglenoid- long head of the biceps brachii

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4
Q

Whats a feature of the clavicle at the sternal end?

A

Rough oval depression- costoclavicular ligament

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5
Q

Whats 2 features of the clavicle at the acromial end?

A

Conoid tubercle- attachment point of the conoid ligament, the medial part of the c.c ligament
Trapeziod line- attachment point of the trapezoid ligament, the lateral part of the c.c ligament

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6
Q

What attaches the head of the humerus to the greater and lesser tubercle?

A

The anatomical neck

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7
Q

What runs down the intertubucular sulcus?

A

The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii

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8
Q

What are the 2 features of the shaft of the humerus?

A

Deltoid tuberosity- lateral side of humeral shaft

Radial groove- runs diagonally down the posterior surface of the humerus- radial nerve and profunda brachii

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9
Q

What are the lateral and medial borders of the distal region of the humerus called?

A

The lateral supraepicondylar ridge

The medial supraepicondylar ridge

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10
Q

What are the features of the distal region of the humerus moving from the lateral to medial side?

A

Lateral epicondyle
Capitulum
Trochlea
Medial epicondyle

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11
Q

What are the 2 articulations of the elbow joint?

A
  1. Trochlea of the humerus AND trochlear notch of the ulna

2. Capitulum of the humerus AND head of the radius

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12
Q

What are the 3 factors that contribute to stability of the shoulder joint?

A
  1. Rotator cuff muscles
  2. Glenoid labrum
  3. Ligaments
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13
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

A

Originate from the trunk, and attach to the bones of the shoulder (scapula, clavicle and humerus)
Superficial and deep

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14
Q

What are the attachments and innervations of the superficial muscles

A

1.Trapezius
Attach= clavicle, acromion and scapular spine
Innervation= accessory nerve
2.Latissimus dorsi
Attach= intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
Innervation= thoracodorsal nerve

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15
Q

What actions do the Trapezium and Latissimus dorsi allow?

A

Trapezius=
upper fibres- elevate and rotate scapula during abduction of the arm
middle fibres- retract scapula
lower fibres- pull scapula inferiorly
Latissimus dorsi=
extends, adducts and medially rotates the upper limb

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16
Q

What are the attachments and innervations of the deep muscles?

A

1.Levetator scapulae
Attach= medial border of the scapula
Innervation= dorsal scapular nerve
2.Rhomboids
Major- attach= medial border of the scapula, between the spine and inferior angle
Minor-attach= medial border of the scapula, at the level of the spine
Innervation= dorsal scapular nerve

17
Q

What actions do the Levetator scapulae and the Rhomboids allow?

A

Levetator scapulae=
elevate scapula
Rhomboids=
Retracts and rotates scapula

18
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

A

Originate from the scapula and/or clavicle and attach to the humerus

19
Q

What are the attachments and innervations of the Deltoid and Teres Major?

A 
1.Deltoid
Attach= deltoid tuberosity 
Innervation= axillary nerve
2.Teres Major
Attach= intertubercular sulcus of humerus 
Innervation= lower subscapular nerve
20
Q

What actions do the Deltoid and Teres major allow?

A

Deltoid=
flexion and extension of arm
Teres Major=
abduction and medial rotation of the arm

21
Q

What are the attachments and innervations of the rotator cuff muscles?

A 
1.Supraspinatus
Attach= greater tubercle of the humerus 
Innervation= suprascapular nerve 
2.Infraspinatus
Attach= greater tubercle of the humerus
Innervation= suprascapular nerve 
3.Subscapularis 
Attach= lesser tubercle of the humerus
Innervation= upper and lower subscapular nerves 
4.Teres minor
Attach= greater tubercle of the humerus
Innervation=axillary nerve
22
Q

What actions do the rotator cuff muscles allow?

A 
Supraspinatus=
Abduction and assisting deltoid 
Infraspinatus and teres minor=
lateral rotation of arm
Subscapularis=
medial rotation of arm
23
Q

What are the branches of the axillary artery?

A
  1. Subscapular artery
  2. Anterior circumflex artery
  3. Posterior circumflex artery
24
Q

Muscles of the pectoral regions and attachments

A

Pectoralis major- intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
Pectoralis minor- coracoid process of scapula
Serratus anterior- anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula
Subclavius- inferior surface of the clavicle

Human anatomy (8 decks)

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