Shoulder joint, Posterior Arm and Posterior Forearm

Question 1

what is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 1

shoulder joint

Question 2

name the 4 ligaments of the glenohumeral joint

Answer 2

glenohumeral ligaments

coraco-humeral ligament

transverse humeral ligament

coraco-acromial ligament

Question 3

where is the glenohumeral ligaments

Answer 3

these are 3 fibrous bands on the internal aspect of the capsule

Question 4

where is the coraco-humeral ligament?

Answer 4

passes from base of coracoid process to anterior aspect of greater tubercle of humerus

Question 5

where is the transverse humeral ligament?

Answer 5

runs from greater tubercle of humerus to cular sulcus

holds biceps brchii tendon in place

Question 6

what does the coraco-acromial ligament + coracoid process+acromion make?

Answer 6

coraco-acromial arch

Question 7

what does the coraco-acromial arch do?

Answer 7

protects the humeral head from displacing superiorly from glenoid cavity

Question 8

where does the subacromial bursa lie?

Answer 8

lies over the fibrous capsule of the joint

located between the acromion, coraco-acromial ligament+deltoid superiorly and the supraspinatus tendon inferiorly

Question 9

what are the 2 attachments of the joint capsule?

Answer 9

glenoid labrum

anatomical neck of humerus

Question 10

what nerve supplies the deltoid?

Answer 10

axillary

Question 11

what nerve supplies teres minor?

Answer 11

axillary

Question 12

what nerve could be damaged in anterior shoulder dislocation?

Answer 12

axillary

Question 13

what are the ligament of the elbow joint?

Answer 13

the radial and ulnar collateral ligaments

anular ligament of radius

Question 14

is there a radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

capitulum is on radial or ulnar side?

Answer 15

radial

Question 16

trochlea is on radial or ulnar side?

Answer 16

ulnar

Question 17

what does the radial collateral ligament blend with/

Answer 17

anaular ligament of radius

Question 18

name the muscles in the posterior arm?

Answer 18

triceps brachii

Question 19

name the 3 head of triceps brachii?

Answer 19

long head
lateral head
medial head

Question 20

what nerve supplies triceps brachii?

Answer 20

radial nerve

Question 21

what action does triceps brachii do?

Answer 21

extend forearm

Question 22

which head of triceps brachii is the strongest?

Answer 22

lateral head

Question 23

which head is the least active of triceps brachii?

Answer 23

long head

Question 24

what is the deep artery of the arm

Answer 24

profunda brachii artery

Question 25

what is the longest branch of the brachial artery?

Answer 25

profunda brachii artery

Question 26

what does the profunda brachii artery accompany along the radial groove as it passes posteriorly around shaft of humerus?

Answer 26

radial nerve

Question 27

what nerve supplies all muscles in the posterior arm and forearm?

Answer 27

radial nerve

Question 28

what is more medial the radial artery or nerve/

Answer 28

the radial nerve is more medial

Question 29

name the superficial muscles in the posterior forearm (6)

Answer 29

``` brachioradialis extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) extensor digitorum extensor digit minimi (EDM) extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) ```

Question 30

what is the main action of brachioradialis?

Answer 30

flexion of semi-pronated arm (like drinking from a cup)

Question 31

which muscle is active during fist clenching?

Answer 31

extensor carpi radialis longus

Question 32

what is the action of extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis?

Answer 32

extend and abduct hand at wrist

Question 33

which muscle extends the medial 4 digits

Answer 33

extensor digitorum

Question 34

which muscle extends the 5th digit?

Answer 34

extensor digiti minimi

Question 35

what does extensor carpi ulnaris do?

Answer 35

extend and adduct hand at wrist joint

Question 36

name the deep muscles in the posterior forearm (5)

Answer 36

``` supinator extensor indicic abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis ```

Question 37

what does the supinator muscle do/

Answer 37

supinates forearm

Question 38

what does extensor indicis do/

Answer 38

extends 2nd digit

Question 39

what does abductor pollicis longus do?

Answer 39

abduct thumb and extends it

Question 40

what does extensor pollicis longus do/

Answer 40

extend distal phalanx of thumb

Question 41

what does extensor pollicis brevis do?

Answer 41

extend proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 42

what is the common proximal attachment for the superficial posterior forearm muscles ?

Answer 42

the common extensor tendon on the lateral epicondyle

Question 43

what is the common proximal attachment for the deep forearm muscles/

Answer 43

shafts of radius and ulna and interosseous membrane

Question 44

what is the posterior interosseous nerve a branch of?

Answer 44

its a deep branch of the radial nerve which supplies the posterior forearm

Question 45

what is the arterial supply to the posterior forearm?

Answer 45

posterior interosseous artery (a branch from ulnar artery)

Question 46

what is and what is the function of the extensor retinaculum?

Answer 46

a sheath which holds all the tendons of muscles in place at the wrist

Question 47

what are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 47

supraspinatus infraspinatus subscapularis teres minor