Shoulder Joint

Question 1

Which of the following arteries supplies the shoulder joint - subclavian, axillary, brachial or suprescapular

Answer 1

Suprascapular artery

Question 2

What is the most common direction of dislocation of the shoulder joint?

Answer 2

Anterior

Question 3

Which major ligament of the shoulder is not a thickening of the joint capsule?

Answer 3

Coracoacromial ligament

Question 4

The nerves innervating the joint have which spinal roots?

Answer 4

C5-C6

Question 5

Which of the following muscles does not generate flexion at the shoulder? - posterior deltoid, anterior deltoid, biceps brachii or pec major?

Answer 5

Posterior deltoid - generates extension

Question 6

What type of joint is it?

Answer 6

Ball and socket - synovial type joint

Question 7

What gives the joint its instability?

Answer 7

Head of humerus is much larger than the glenoid fossa of scapula

Question 8

What are the articulating surfaces of the joint?

Answer 8

Head of the humerus and glenoid cavity/fossa of the scapula

Question 9

How is stability of joint increased?

Answer 9

Glenoid labrum, rotator cuff muscles

Question 10

What is function of glenoid labrum?

Answer 10

It is fibrocartilage rim which deepens the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Question 11

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 11

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis

Question 12

What reduces friction of the joint?

Answer 12

Many synovial bursae present

Question 13

What is the overall general function of the ligaments in the joint?

Answer 13

Aim to thicken the joint capsule

Question 14

What are the main ligaments involved in joint?

Answer 14

Glenohumeral, coracohumeral and transverse humeral

Question 15

What muscles cause flexion at the joint?

Answer 15

Biceps brachii, pec major, deltoid and coracobrachialis

Question 16

What muscles cause extension at the joint?

Answer 16

Deltoid, lat dorsi and teres major

Question 17

What muscles cause adduction at the joint?

Answer 17

Pec major, lat dorsi and teres major

Question 18

What muscles cause medial rotation of joint?

Answer 18

Subscapularis, pec major, lat dorsi, teres major and deltoid

Question 19

What muscles cause lateral rotation at joint?

Answer 19

Infraspinatus and teres minor

Question 20

What muscles are responsible for the abduction at the joint?

Answer 20

0-15 - supraspinatus
15-90 - middle deltoid
Over 90 - serratus anterior

Question 21

What is the most common type of dislocation of this joint?

Answer 21

Anterior

Question 22

What can cause a posterior dislocation of the shoulder?

Answer 22

Electric shock or some kind of seizure.

Muscle pulls the shoulder out of place.

Question 23

What can cause anterior dislocation of shoulder?

Answer 23

Excessive extension & lateral rotation of the humerus - eg direct blow or FOOSH

Question 24

What is calcific tendinitis?

Answer 24

Characterised by deposits of hydroxyapatite in any tendon of the body but most commonly in tendons of the rotator cuff muscles