Shoulder Joint Flashcards
Which of the following arteries supplies the shoulder joint - subclavian, axillary, brachial or suprescapular
Suprascapular artery
What is the most common direction of dislocation of the shoulder joint?
Anterior
Which major ligament of the shoulder is not a thickening of the joint capsule?
Coracoacromial ligament
The nerves innervating the joint have which spinal roots?
C5-C6
Which of the following muscles does not generate flexion at the shoulder? - posterior deltoid, anterior deltoid, biceps brachii or pec major?
Posterior deltoid - generates extension
What type of joint is it?
Ball and socket - synovial type joint
What gives the joint its instability?
Head of humerus is much larger than the glenoid fossa of scapula
What are the articulating surfaces of the joint?
Head of the humerus and glenoid cavity/fossa of the scapula
How is stability of joint increased?
Glenoid labrum, rotator cuff muscles
What is function of glenoid labrum?
It is fibrocartilage rim which deepens the glenoid fossa of the scapula
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis
What reduces friction of the joint?
Many synovial bursae present
What is the overall general function of the ligaments in the joint?
Aim to thicken the joint capsule
What are the main ligaments involved in joint?
Glenohumeral, coracohumeral and transverse humeral
What muscles cause flexion at the joint?
Biceps brachii, pec major, deltoid and coracobrachialis
What muscles cause extension at the joint?
Deltoid, lat dorsi and teres major
What muscles cause adduction at the joint?
Pec major, lat dorsi and teres major
What muscles cause medial rotation of joint?
Subscapularis, pec major, lat dorsi, teres major and deltoid
What muscles cause lateral rotation at joint?
Infraspinatus and teres minor
What muscles are responsible for the abduction at the joint?
0-15 - supraspinatus
15-90 - middle deltoid
Over 90 - serratus anterior
What is the most common type of dislocation of this joint?
Anterior
What can cause a posterior dislocation of the shoulder?
Electric shock or some kind of seizure.
Muscle pulls the shoulder out of place.
What can cause anterior dislocation of shoulder?
Excessive extension & lateral rotation of the humerus - eg direct blow or FOOSH
What is calcific tendinitis?
Characterised by deposits of hydroxyapatite in any tendon of the body but most commonly in tendons of the rotator cuff muscles
