Shoulder Joint

Question 1

Shoulder joint

Answer 1

• Connects shoulder blade and humerus
• Free spherical joint (ball and socket)
• Joint pit is formed by the cavitas glenoidalis scapulae, which is depend by the labrum glenoidale (glenoid lig.), the head is caput humeri
• Strong and spacious joint capsule attached to margins of cavitas glenoidalis and on the humerus on collum anatomicum
• Joint capsule reinforced by several ligaments: ligamenta glenohumeralia and lig. coracohumerale
• Also reinforced by rotator cuff muscles, which are missing on the lower side - common site of luxation

Question 2

Ligamenta glenohumeralia

Answer 2

• From labrum glenoidale along the cavital side of the frontal wall of the joint capsule towards the humerus
• Three bands: superior, middle and inferior

Question 3

Ligamentum coracohumerale

Answer 3

• Descends from processus coracoideus scapulae on to the anterior side of the joint capsule

Question 4

Tendon of the long head of biceps

Answer 4

• Originates on tuberculum supraglenoidale scapulae then runs through joint cavity into the sulcus intertubercularis humeri and abandons the joint
• Inside of the joint capsule it is covered by synovial capsule which accompanies it as vagina synovialis intertubercularis

Question 5

Synovial bursas around shoulder joint

Answer 5

• Bursa subdeltoidea
• Bursa subcoracoidea
• Bursa subacromialis
• Bursa m. subscapularis subtendinea

Question 6

Movement of shoudler joint

Answer 6

• Free spherical joint
• Three axis of movement: anteflexion/dorsiflexion, abduction/adduction and supination/pronation
• Abduction possible only into horizontal plane (restricted by fornix humeri)
• Middle position of joint is at mild ventral flexion and abduction of about 45 degrees