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RAD 112: Radiographic Anatomy & Positioning > Shoulder Girdle and Ribs > Flashcards

Shoulder Girdle and Ribs Flashcards

1
Q

Which end (medial or lateral) of the clavicle articulates with part of the scapula?

A

Lateral (acromial)

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2
Q

Which end (medial or lateral) of the clavicle articulates with the manubrium?

A

Medial (sternal)

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3
Q

At what level is the clavicle (with reference to the ribs)?

A

Lies just above the first rib

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4
Q

Which classification of joint are sternoclavicular (SC) joints and acromioclavicular (AC) joints?

A

Synovial

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5
Q

Which type of joint are SC and AC joints?

A

Gliding

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6
Q

Which gender of adults (males or females) has more sharply curved clavicles?

A

Males

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7
Q

Anterior aspect of scapula

A

Costal surface

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8
Q

Deep depression on superior border of the scapula

A

Scapular notch

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9
Q

Large protrusion on dorsal surface of the scapula, separates the two fossae on the posterior surface of the scapula

A

Spine

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10
Q

Lateral extension of scapular spine of the scapula, articulates with the lateral end of the clavicle (thickened)

A

Acromion

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11
Q

Extends from the superior angle to the inferior angle of the scapula

A

Medial border

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12
Q

Large fossa at lateral angle of the scapula

Cavity for humeral head (articulates)

A

Glenoid cavity

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13
Q

The junction of the medial and lateral borders of the scapula, most distal

A

Inferior angle

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14
Q

The junction of the medial and superior borders of the scapula

A

Superior angle

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15
Q

Extends from the glenoid cavity to the inferior angle of the scapula

A

Lateral angle

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16
Q

Extends from superior angle to coracoid process of the scapula (top scapular border)

A

Superior border

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17
Q

Slender, fingerlike projection extending anteriorly and laterally from near the lateral angle of the scapula (superior)

A

Coracoid process

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18
Q

Large depression on the costal surface of the scapula (anterior)

A

Subscapular fossa

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19
Q

Area above the scapular spine on dorsal surface of the scapula (posterior-superior scapular fossa)

A

Supraspinous fossa

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20
Q

Large, broad area below the spine on dorsal surface of the scapula (posterior-inferior scapular fossa)

A

Infraspinous fossa

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21
Q

Large, rounded eminence of the humerus that articulates with the glenoid cavity

A

Head

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22
Q

Constriction of the shaft of the humerus inferior to the tubercles

A

Surgical neck

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23
Q

Narrow constriction of the humerus superior to the tubercles

A

Anatomic neck

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24
Q

Bony process of the humerus on the anterior surface of the shaft, inferior from the anatomic neck

A

Lesser tubercle

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25
Q

Bony process of the humerus on the lateral surface of the bone

A

Greater tubercle

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26
Q

Deep depression on the humerus that separates the two tubercles

A

Intertubercular (bicipital) groove

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27
Q

Posterior shoulder girdle bone

A

Scapula

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28
Q

Bone that articulates with scapula (glenoid cavity)

A

Humerus

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29
Q

Scapular spine ridge

A

Crest

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30
Q

Bone classification for humerus

A

Long

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31
Q

Bone classification for scapula

A

Flat

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32
Q

Anterior part of the shoulder girdle

A

Clavicle

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33
Q

Scapular border

A

Lateral

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34
Q

Lateral end of clavicle

35
Q

Medial end of the clavicle

36
Q

2 fossae located on the posterior surface of the scapula

A

Supraspinous

Infraspinous

37
Q

3 scapular borders

A

Lateral
Medial
Superior

38
Q

3 scapular angles

A

Superior
Inferior
Lateral

39
Q

3 shoulder girdle articulations

A

Scapulohumeral
Acromioclavicular
Sternoclavicular

40
Q

Which type of joint is the scapulohumeral joint?

A

Ball and socket

41
Q

Which bone articulates with the medial end of the clavicle?

42
Q

What positioning maneuver should be avoided if the patient possibly has a fractured humerus or dislocation of the scapulohumeral joint?

43
Q

What should the patient’s respiration be for AP projections of the shoulder?

44
Q

Which image of the AP shoulder is obtained by positioning the humeral epicondyles parallel to the IR?

A

External rotation

45
Q

Which image of the AP shoulder is obtained by positioning the humeral epicondyles at an angle of approximately 45 degrees the IR?

A

Neutral rotation

46
Q

Which image of the AP shoulder is obtained by positioning the humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the IR?

A

Internal rotation

47
Q

Which image of the AP shoulder shows the greater tubercle in profile on the lateral aspect of the humerus?

A

External rotation

48
Q

Which image of the AP shoulder shows the lesser tubercle in profile pointing medially?

A

Internal rotation

49
Q

Which image of the AP shoulder shows the outline of the lesser tubercle between the humeral head and the greater tubercle?

A

Neutral rotation

50
Q

What will a properly positioned AP oblique shoulder (Grashey) image demonstrate in profile?

A

Glenoid cavity

51
Q

What breathing instructions should be given to the patient during an AP clavicle projection?

A

Suspend at the end of respiration

52
Q

How does the appearance of the clavicle differ in the axial projections compared with the AP projections of the clavicle?

A

Most of the clavicle projected above the ribs and scapula

53
Q

Which type of respiration should the patient use to obliterate lung detail?

A

Slow breathing

54
Q

Which scapular border should be demonstrated free from superimposition with the ribs for the AP projection?

55
Q

When performing AP projections of the shoulder, where should the central ray be directed?

A

1 inch (2.5 cm) inferior to the coracoid process

56
Q

Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the greater tubercle of the humerus in profile?

A

AP projection with external rotation

57
Q

Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the humeral head in profile?

A

AP projection with external rotation

58
Q

Which projection of the shoulder best demonstrates the lesser tubercle of the humerus in profile and pointing toward the glenoid cavity?

A

AP projection with internal rotation

59
Q

Which projection of the shoulder is being performed when the patient is supine with the right shoulder centered on the IR a vertical CR is being directed perpendicular to the center of the IR and the humeral epicondyles are parallel with the plane of the IR?

A

AP projection with external rotation

60
Q

Which projection will demonstrate the scapulohumeral joint space open and the glenoid cavity in profile?

A

AP oblique projection (Grashey method)

61
Q

What would be the required patient position to demonstrate the left shoulder using the A P oblique projection (Grashey method)?

A

35 to 40 degrees LPO

62
Q

If the patient’s condition permits, which shoulder joint should be demonstrated with the patient in an upright position?

A

Acromioclavicular

63
Q

How many degrees and in which direction should the central ray be directed for the AP axial projection of the clavicle?

A

15 to 30 degrees

64
Q

When performing the AP projection of the scapula, the central ray should be directed toward a point 2 inches ____ to the coracoid process?

65
Q

When performing a lateral projection of the scapula with the patient positioned right anterior oblique (RAO) or left anterior oblique (LAO) approximately how much body rotation is necessary for the average patient?

A

45 to 60 degrees

66
Q

Superior part of sternum
Supports the sternal ends of the clavicles
Articulates with the anterior ends of the first pair of ribs to form the first sternocostal joints

67
Q

Breast bone

Centered on midline of anterior thorax

68
Q

Classification of first seven ribs

Attach their costal cartilage to the lateral borders of the sternum

69
Q

Inferior part of sternum

Corresponds with the T10 location of the thoracic column

A

Xiphoid process

70
Q

Classification of ribs eleven and twelve

71
Q

Only articulation between the upper limbs and the trunk

A

Sternoclavicular joints (SC)

72
Q

Palpable concavity at superior manubrial border

A

Jugular notch

73
Q

Portion of rib that articulated with transverse process of thoracic vertebrae

74
Q

Classification of ribs that do not articulate directly with sternum
Attach to the costal cartilage of the seventh rib
Pairs of ribs eight through twelve

75
Q

3 structures that form the bony thorax (chest)

A

Sternum
12 pairs of ribs
12 thoracic vertebrae

76
Q

3 functions of the bony thorax

A

Protects heart and lungs

Supports wall of pleural

77
Q

3 parts of the sternum

A

Manubrium (superior)
Body
Xiphoid process (inferior)

78
Q

What is the approximate length of the sternum for the average adult?

A

6 inches (15 cm)

79
Q

The jugular notch is found anterior to which precise location of the thoracic vertebral column?

A

The disk space between T2 and T3

80
Q

Where is the sternal angle located?

A

At the junction of manubrium and sternal body

81
Q

To which location of the thoracic column does the sternal angle correspond?

A

The disk space between T4 and T5

82
Q

What structure form costovertebral joints?

A

The head of the rib and the demifacets of the two adjacent vertebral bodies

83
Q

Consists of clavicle and scapula

Functions to connect the upper limb to the trunk of the body

A

Shoulder girdle

84
Q

2 surfaces of the scapula

A

Costal (anterior, ribs)

Dorsal (posterior)

RAD 112: Radiographic Anatomy & Positioning (6 decks)

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