Shoulder,elbow

Question 1

What is characteristic of frozen shoulder/adhesive capsulitis

Answer 1

GLOBAL reduction of active and passive ROMs

Question 2

Predispositions for Frozen shoulder

Answer 2

Diabetes Mellitus,
Hyperlipidemia
Thyroid disorders(usually autoimmune hypothyroidism)
Smoking
Previous trauma

Question 3

Difference b/w Hill sachs and bankart lesions

Answer 3

Hill sachs on humerus
Bankart on glenoid

Question 4

Monteggia vs galleazzi fx

Answer 4

Monteggia is proximal DRUJ dislocation, while galleazzi is distal DRUJ

Question 5

Main concern in surgical neck of humerus fracture

Answer 5

Axillary nerve(regimental badge paresthesia)

Question 6

Main concern for fracture of spiral groove of humerus

Answer 6

Radial N palsy(most resolve with conservative)

Question 7

Main concern for radial neck fracture

Answer 7

Posterior interosseus nerve injury

Question 8

Surgical options for mx of rotator cuff tear

Answer 8

1. Tendon repair or tendon transfer esp in young pts
2. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty if joint is arthritic/functional req is low

Question 9

Monkey Bar Injury and classification

Answer 9

Supracondylar fx and gartland classification

Question 10

Injuries to rule out in supracondylar fx

Answer 10

1. AIN
2. Radial nerve
3. Brachial artery

Question 11

First Range of movement lost in frozen shoulder

Answer 11

External rotation

Question 12

Childhood injury that causes cubitus valgus

Answer 12

Lateral condyle fracture

Question 13

Complications of Shoulder dislocation

Answer 13

Bony bankart - avulsion fracture on anterior glenoid
Hill Sachs lesion - impaction fracture of posterior aspect of humeral head

Question 14

What does Popeye sign indicate

Answer 14

Complete rupture of long head of biceps tendon

Question 15

What is Cozen test and what does positive test indicate

Answer 15

Wrist extension against resistance indicating lateral epicondylitis(tennis elbow)

Question 16

What is Reverse Cozen test and what does positive test indicate

Answer 16

Wrist flexion against resistance indicating medial epicondylitis(golfers elbow)

Question 17

Radiological investigations for rotator cuff arthropathy

Answer 17

Ultrasound and MRI

Question 18

Surgical management of Bankart and Hill sachs lesions

Answer 18

1. Arthroscopic Bankart repair
2. Laterjet procedure

For recurrent shoulder dislocations

Question 19

What is scarf test for

Answer 19

Acromioclavicular subluxation/ dislocation

Question 20

Grading of acriomioclavicular injury

Answer 20

Rockwood classification

Question 21

Stages of adhesive capsulitis/ frozen shoulder

Answer 21

Painful (freezing), adhesive (frozen) and recovery (thawing)

Question 22

Surgical options for frozen shoulder

Answer 22

Surgery: MUA, arthroscopic capsular release

Question 23

Secondary causes of frozen shoulder

Answer 23

Intrinsic: rotator cuff tendinitis, post-traumatic, shoulder-hand syndrome
Systemic conditions: DM, hyperthyroidism, RA, AMI, post-stroke, chronic lung disease, cervical radiculopathy

Question 24

Shoulder version of Shenton’s line

Answer 24

Moloney’s arch

Question 25

Cx of supracondylar fx

Answer 25

Cubitus varus deformity, tardy ulnar nerve

Question 26

Cx of lateral epicondyle of shoulder fx

Answer 26

Cubitus valgus deformity, tardy ulnar nerve palsy

Question 27

Nerve injury a/w monteggia fx

Answer 27

Posterior interosseous nerve