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Anatomy > Shoulder/Arm/Hand > Flashcards

Shoulder/Arm/Hand Flashcards

1
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line
External occipital protuberance
Ligamentum nuchae
Spines and supraspinous ligaments from C7 to T12 
Distal Attachment
Posterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Acromion
Scapular spine
Innervation
Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
Ventral rami C3, C4
A

Trapezius

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2
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Spinous processes of T7-T12
Thoracoumbar fascia
Posterior part of iliac crest
Inferior 3-4 ribs
Distal Attachment
Floor of intertuberous sulcus of humerus
Innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)
A

Latissimus Dorsi

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3
Q

Proximal Attachment
Transverse processes of C1-C4
Distal Attachment
Medial scapular border between superior angle and end of scapular spine
Innervation
Dorsal Scapular (C5) and cervical (C3, C4)

A

Levator Scapulae

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4
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Lower ligamentum nuchae
Spines of C7 and  T1
Distal Attachment 
Medial end of spine of scapula 
Innervation
Dorsal Scapular (C4, C5)
A

Rhomboid Minor

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5
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Spines of T2-T5 vertebrae
Distal Attachment 
Medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle
 Innervation
Dorsal Scapular (C4, C5)
A

Rhomboid Major

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6
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Lateral 1/3 clavicle
Acromion
Spine of scapula
Distal Attachment
Deltoid Tuberosity
Innervation
Axillary Nerve (C5, C6)
A

Deltoid

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7
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Inferior scapular angle
Distal Attachment
Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus
Innervation
Lower Subscapular Nerve (C5, C6)-posterior cord
A

Teres Major

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8
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Suprascapular fossa
Distal Attachment
Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation
Suprascapular Nerve (C4, C5, C6)
A

Supraspinatus

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9
Q

Proximal Attachment
Inferior scapular fossa
Distal Attachment
Medial facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation
Suprascapular Nerve (C5, C6)- Lateral Cord

A

Infraspinatus

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10
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula
Distal Attachment
Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation
Axillary Nerve  (C5, C6)
A

Teres Minor

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11
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Subscapular fossa
Distal Attachment
Lesser tubercle of humerus
Innervation
Upper and Lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7) – Posterior cord
A

Subscapularis

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12
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Medial half of clavicle
Sternum
Upper six costal cartilages
Distal Attachment
lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus
Innervation
medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5, C6- clavicular and C6, C7, C8, T1-sternal)
A

Pectoralis Major

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13
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Ribs 3-5
Distal Attachment
Coracoid process
Innervation
Medial pectoral nerves (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
A

Pectoralis Minor

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14
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Rib 1
Distal Attachment
Inferior clavicle
Innervation
Nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)
A

Subclavius

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15
Q

Proximal Attachment
Lateral regions of ribs 1-8
Distal Attachment
Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
Innervation
Long Thoracic Nerve (C5, C6, C7)- Roots of nerves

A

Serratus Anterior

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16
Q

Origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa and crest of ulna
Insertion
Lateral, posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius
Action
Supinates forearm (i.e., rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly)
Innervation
Deep branch of radial nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply
Recurrent interosseous artery

A

Supinator

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17
Q 
Origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
Insertion
Middle of lateral surface of radius
Action
Pronates and flexes forearm (at elbow)
Innervation
Median nerve (C6 and C7) 
Arterial Supply
Ulnar artery, anterior recurrent ulnar artery
A

Pronator Teres

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18
Q 
Origin
Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of ulna
Insertion
Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius
Anterior interosseous artery
Pronates forearm; deep fibers bind radius and ulna together
Innervation
Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8 and T1) 
Arterial Supply
A

Pronator Quadratus

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19
Q 
Origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion
Base of 2nd metacarpal
Action
Flexes and radial flexion (at wrist)
Innervation
Median nerve (C6 and C7) (C6, C7)
Arterial Supply
Ulnar artery
A

Flexor Carpi Radialis

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20
Q 
Origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion
Distal half of flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
Action
Flexes hand (at wrist) and tightens palmar aponeurosis
Innervation
Median nerve (C7 and C8) (C7, C8)
Arterial Supply
Ulnar artery
A

Palmaris Longus

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21
Q 
Origin
Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus; Ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna
Insertion
Pisiform bone, hook of hamate bone, and 5th metacarpal bone
Action
Flexes and ulnar flexion (at wrist)
Innervation
Ulnar nerve (C7 and C8) (C7, C8)
Arterial Supply
Ulnar artery
A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

22
Q

Origin
Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, and coronoid process of ulna; Radial head: superior half of anterior border of radius
Insertion
Bodies of middle phalanges of digits 2 - 5
Action
Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints of medial four digits; acting more strongly, it also flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints and hand
Innervation
Median nerve (C7, C8 and T1) (C7, C8, T1)

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

23
Q

Origin
Proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion
Base of the distal phalanx of digits 2 - 5
Action
Flexes distal phalanges at distal interphalangeal joints of medial four digits; assists with flexion of hand
Innervation
Medial part: ulnar nerve (C8 and T1); Lateral part: anterior interosseous branch of median nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

24
Q 
Origin
Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
Insertion
Base of distal phalanx of thumb
Action
Flexes phalanges of 1st digit (thumb)
Innervation
Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)
A

Flexor Pollicis Longus

25
Q

Origin
Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Action
Flexes and abducts thumb
Innervation
Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

26
Q 
Origin
Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondyle ridge of humerus
Insertion
Lateral surface of distal end of radius
Action
Flexes forearm
Innervation
Radial nerve (C5, C6 and C7) (C5, C6, C7)
A

Brachioradialis

27
Q 
Origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion
Base of 3rd metacarpal
Action
Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint
Radial deviation
Innervation
Deep branch of radial nerve (C7 and C8) (C7, C8)
A

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

28
Q 
Origin
Lateral supracondyle ridge of humerus
Insertion
Base of 2nd metacarpal
Action
Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint
Innervation
Radial nerve (C6 and C7) (C7, C6)
A

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

29
Q

Origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion
Extensor expansions of medial four digits
Action
Extends medial four digits at metacarpophalangeal joints; Extends hand at wrist joint
Innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8), the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)

A

Extensor Digitorum

30
Q

Origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna
Insertion
Base of 5th metacarpal
Action
Extends and adducts hand at wrist joint. Ulnar deviation
Innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8), the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)

A

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

31
Q 
Origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion
Extensor expansion of 5th digit
Action
Extends 5th digit at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
Innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8), the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)
A

Extensor Digiti Minimi

32
Q

Origin
Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion
Extensor expansion of 2nd digit (medial phalanx)
Action
Extends 2nd digit and helps to extend hand
Innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8), the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)

A

Extensor Indices

33
Q

Origin
Posterior surfaces of radius and interosseous membrane
Insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Action
Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at carpometacarpal joint
Innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8), the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)

A

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

34
Q

Origin
Posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion
Base of distal phalanx of thumb
Action
Extends distal phalanx of thumb at carpometacarpal and interphalangeal joints
Innervation
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and C8), the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)

A

Extensor Pollicis Longus

35
Q

Origin
Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Action
Abducts thumb and helps oppose it
Innervation
Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

36
Q

Origin
Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion
Lateral side of 1st metacarpal
Action
Draws 1st metacarpal laterally to oppose thumb toward center of palm and rotates it medially
Innervation
Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Opponens Pollicis

37
Q

Origin
Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Action
Flexes thumb
Innervation
Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

38
Q 
Origin
Pisiform
Insertion
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger
Action
Abducts little (5th) finger
Innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)
A

Abductor Digiti Minimi

39
Q

Origin
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger
Action
Flexes proximal phalanx of little (5th) finger
Innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Flexor Digiti Minimi

40
Q 
Origin
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion
Medial border of 5th metacarpal
Action
Draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing little finger (5th digit) into opposition with thumb
Innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)
A

Opponens Digiti Minimi

41
Q

Origin
Oblique head: bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, and adjacent carpals; Transverse head: anterior surface of body of 3rd metacarpal
Insertion
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Action
Draws 1st metacarpal laterally to oppose thumb toward center of palm and rotates it medially
Innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Adductor Pollicis

42
Q

Origin
1 - 3: Palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th and 5th metacarpals (unipennate muscles)
Insertion
1 - 3: Extensor expansions of digits and bases of proximal phalanges of digits 2, 4 and 5
Action
1 - 3: Adduct digits toward axial line and assist lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints
Innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Interosseous Mucles, Palmar

43
Q 
O:Tendons of FDP
I: Tendons of Extensor digitorum
N: median and ulnar
A: Finger flexion(metacarpophalangeal)
A: Finger ext: Interphalangeal
A

Lumbricales

44
Q

Origin
1 - 4: Adjacent sides of two metacarpals (bipennate muscles)
Insertion
1 - 4: Extensor expansions and bases of proximal phalanges of digits 2 - 4
Action
1 - 4: Abduct digits from axial line and act with lumbricals to flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints
Innervation
Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) (C8, T1)

A

Interosseous Muscles, Dorsal

45
Q

Origin:
Manubrium sternal and medial portion of the clavicle
Insertion:
Mastoid process of the temporal bone, superior nuchal line
Nerve
Motor: accessory nerve
sensory: cervical plexus
Actions
Acting alone, tilts head to its own side and rotates it so the face is turned towards the opposite side.
Acting together, flexes the neck, raises the sternum and assists in forced inspiration.

A

Sternocleidomastoid

46
Q 
Origin:
Cervical vertebrae (CII-CVII)
Insertion:
First and second ribs
Nerve:
Cervical nerves (C3-C6)
Actions:
Elevation  of the ribs when contracts
A

Scalene Muscles

47
Q 
Proximal Attachment
 apex coracoid process (short head)
supraglenoid turbercle (long head) 
Distal Attachment
radial tuberosity (biceps tendon
deep fascia of anterior forearm (aponeurosis)
Innervation
Musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)- Lateral cord
Action
powerful supinator of forearm
powerful flexor of elbow joint
weak flexor of shoulder joint
A

Biceps Brachii

48
Q 
Proximal Attachment
tip of coracoid process
Distal Attachment
Middle third of medial surface of humerus
Innervation
Musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
Action
Flexes arm
Adducts arm
Stabilizes glenohumeral joint
A

Coracobrachialis

49
Q

O: Distal half of humerus
I: Coronoid process of ulna

A

Brachialis

50
Q

Proximal Attachment
infraglenoid tubercle of scapula (long head)
posterior surface of humeral shaft-below radial groove (medial head)
posterior surface of humerus-above radial groove (lateral head)
Distal Attachment
olecranon process of ulna via common tendon
Innervation
Radial Nerve (C6, C7, C8)
Action
Chief extensor of forearm

A

Triceps Brachii

51
Q 
Proximal Attachment
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Distal Attachment
Lateral surface of olecranon
Superior part of posterior surface of ulna
Innervation
Radial Nerve (C7, C8, T1)
Action
Assists triceps in extending forearm
Stabilizes elbow joint
A

Anconeus

Anatomy (5 decks)

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