Shoulder anatomy

Question 1

Glenohumeral

Answer 1

(Multiaxial Synovial Ball-and-Socket) - humeral head and the glenoid fossa of the scapula.

Question 2

Ligaments of the GH

Answer 2

1. Coracohumeral - Coracoid process to greater tubercle of humerus
2. Glenohumeral – Supraglenoid tubercle to lesser tubercle of humerus, has superior, middle and inferior components.
3. Transverse humeral - Spans greater and lesser tubercles of humerus
4. Glenoid labrum - Margin of glenoid cavity of scapula

Question 3

SC ligaments

Answer 3

Sternum articulates with the clavicle

1. Sternoclavicular – Clavicle and manubrium, consists of A&P ligaments
2. Interclavicular – Between both clavicles, connects two sternoclavicular joints
3. Costoclavicular – clavicle to first rib, anchors clavicle to first rib.

Question 4

AC

Answer 4

Acromioclavicular (Synovial Plane) Joint – acromion articulates with the clavicle.

Question 5

Ac ligs

Answer 5

1. Acromioclavicular - Acromion to clavicle
2. Coracoclavicular (conoid and trapezoid ligaments) - Clavicle to coracoid process, reinforces joint.
3. Coraco-acromial - Acromion to coracoid process

Question 6

Biceps attachments

Answer 6

Biceps brachii long head: Supraglenoid tubercle - radial tuberosity.
Biceps brachii short head: Corocoid process - radial tuberosity.

Question 7

Biceps action and nerve supply

Answer 7

Elbow flexion/ supination/ shoulder internal rotation and abduction.
Musculocutanous Nerve: C5-7

Question 8

Subscap attachements, mvt and nerve

Answer 8

Subscapular fossa - Lesser tubercle of humerus. Internal rotation/extension. Subscapular nerve
Suprascapular nerve - C5-6 (C4 in 18%)

Question 9

Trapezius

Answer 9

SPs C7-12, external occipital protuberance - clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula. Scapula retraction/elevation/depression, neck extension and SB. Accessory nerve – spinal root C6/7, cranial nerve 11.