Shoulder Flashcards
What 4 muscles make up the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
Which muscle(s) attach to the greater tuberosity of the humerus?
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Which muscle(s) attach to the lesser tuberosity of the humerus?
Subscapularis
Which muscle responsible for initiating abduction of the shoulder?
Supraspinatus
Which muscles are involved in external rotation?
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Which muscle is responsible for internal rotation?
Subscapularis
What is the consequence of chronic rotator cuff instability?
Glenohumeral OA
What is the most common cause of shoulder pain in children?
Instability
What is the most common cause of shoulder pain in middle-aged patients?
Rotator cuff tears
Adhesive capsulitis
What is the most common cause of shoulder pain in the elderly?
Glenohumeral OA
What is impingement syndrome?
When the rotator cuff tendons are compressed in a tight sub-acromial space.
Results in a painful 60-120 degree abduction.
Which test is used to detect impingement?
Hawkins-Kennedy test
Shoulder internally rotated, will cause pain if there is pathology present.
How is impingement syndrome treated?
NSAIDs
Analgesia
Physiotherapy
Subacromial steroid injections
Some may need surgical decompression if this fails to resolve.
How does adhesive capsulitis present?
Pain initially, decreases as stiffness increases.
Shoulder will eventually ‘thaw’.
What is the predominant finding on examination of an adhesive capsulitis?
Loss of external rotation.
