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MSK Tests > Shoulder > Flashcards

Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What joints should you clear for shoulder assessment

A

Clear the Cervical Spine
Active movements with passive overpressure (OP) at end of range.
- Very gentle OP at the end of each range. Check they have no pain prior to applying OP
- Flexion
- Extension
- Rotation
- Side flexion

Clear the elbow
- Active movements with passive overpressure at End of Range

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2
Q

Shoulder resisted movements

A

Shoulder flexion
Shoulder extension
Shoulder abduction
Shoulder adduction
Shoulder internal rotation
Shoulder external rotation

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3
Q

Shoulder palpation - Bony points

A

Clavicle
Sternum
Sternoclavicular joint
Acromion
Acromioclavicular joint
Greater tubercle
Bicipital groove
Lesser tubercle
Deltoid tuberosity
Spine of scapula
Medial and lateral borders
Inferior and superior angles

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4
Q

Shoulder palpation - Muscles

A

DELTOID
TRAPEZIUS
LATISSIMUS DORSI
TERES MAJOR
RHOMBOID MAJOR AND MINOR
LEVATOR SCAPULAE
SERRATUS ANTERIOR
PECTORALIS MAJOR
PECTORALIS MINOR
SUBCLAVIUS
BICEPS BRACHII
TRICEPS BRACHII
CORACOBRACHIALIS
SUPRASPINATUS
INFRASPINATUS
TERES MINOR
SUBSCAPULARIS

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5
Q

Shoulder Functional Tests

A

Upper Quadrant Y-Balance Test
Push Up (Progressions & Regressions)
Catching / Throwing / Reaching / Lifting
Handgrip strength
Hand behind back, hand behind neck, cross body adduction
Undressing / dressing
Washing / brushing hair
Over head movements

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6
Q

Shoulder active ROM

A

GHJ
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Internal Rotation
External Rotation
Horizontal Abduction
Horizontal Adduction

Girdle
Elevation
Depression
Protraction
Retraction
*observe scapular dyskinesis in abduction

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7
Q

Shoulder Passive ROM

A

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Internal Rotation
External Rotation
Horizontal Abduction
Horizontal Adduction

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8
Q

Shoulder Resisted ROM

A

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Internal Rotation
External Rotation
Horizontal Abduction
Horizontal Adduction

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9
Q

Shoulder Muscles Tests - Speeds Test

A

Tests for - Bicep Tendinopathy

  • Have client standing
  • Palpate the intertubercular groove (Either side of shoulder
  • Hand in anatomical position
  • Apply light resistance to forearm
  • Ask patient to perform 90 degree flexion (Bring arm up)

Positive - Pain

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10
Q

Shoulder Muscles Tests - Yergason’s Test

A

Tests for - Bicep Tendinopathy / SLAP Lesion

  • Have client standing
  • Ask client to bend elbow 90 degrees
  • Palpate bicipital groove
  • Put hand into pronation
  • Grab forearm and resist as they go into supination

Positive - Pain

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11
Q

Shoulder Muscles Tests - Neer’s Test

A

Tests for - Shoulder Impingement

  • Client sat on end of couch
  • Use hand to support top of shoulder
  • Internally rotate shoulder (Hand facing outwards)
  • Passively flex arm all the up so hand is up

Positive - Pain

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12
Q

Shoulder Muscles Tests - Gerber’s Lift Off Test

A

Tests for - Subscapularis weakness or rupture

  • Have patient standing
  • Ask them to place hand at lower part of back (Hand facing outwards)
  • Ask them to bring hand away from back outwards
  • Can add resistance to test isometric strength

Positive - Pain / Weakness

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13
Q

Shoulder Muscles Tests - Hawkins-Kennedy

A

Tests for - Subacromial Impingement Syndrome

  • Have patient sitting with legs hanging off bed
  • From the side put your arm on opposite shoulder with closest arm resting on it
  • Ask client to relax arm
  • Take shoulder into internal rotation by flexing elbow and bring hand towards you

Positive - Pain

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14
Q

Shoulder Muscles Tests - Empty & Full Can Tests

A

Tests for - Shoulder Impingement

  • Client standing facing towards you
  • Ask patient to put arms out in front with palms facing each other
  • Put arms in 30 degrees abduction - Full can
  • Ask them to turn their hands so thumbs face floor - Empty can
  • Ask them to move arms up as you apply downward pressure

Positive - Arms drop

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15
Q

Shoulder Muscles Tests - Painful Arc

A

Tests for - Supraspinatus Impingement

  • have patient sitting on bed with feet on floor
  • Ask patient to have hands by their sides with palms up
  • Ask patient to bring arms up by their side as far as they can
  • Bring arms back down

Positive - Pain between 60 - 120 degrees

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16
Q

Shoulder Muscles Tests - GIRD Test

A

Tests for - Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit

  • Ask patient to abduct shoulder 90 degrees and elbow 90 degrees (like a Y)
  • Patient to move arms into internal rotation (Maintaining elbow flexion bring palms down)
  • Observe deficit between left and right
17
Q

Shoulder Instability Tests - Anterior Drawer Test

A

Tests for - Anterior Instability

  • Patient lying supine on bed
  • Take patient arm out to side with elbow flexed
  • Can support elbow with leg
  • Stabilise front of shoulder
  • Use hand to bring humeral head forward from the back

Positive - Laxity / Pain

18
Q

Shoulder Instability Tests - Posterior Drawer Test

A

Tests for - Posterior Instability

  • Patient in supine
  • Patients arm out to side
  • Push down on humorous

Positive - Laxity

19
Q

Shoulder Instability Tests - Sulcus Sign Test

A

Tests for - Inferior Instability

  • Patient standing, you to the side
  • Grab humorous just above elbow
  • Gently pull down

Positive - Dip / Divot between acromion process and humeral head

20
Q

Shoulder Instability Tests - Apprehension Test

A

Tests for - History of Glenohumeral dislocation

  • Client supine on bed
  • Patient in ‘How’ position 90 degrees elbow flexion, 90 degrees shoulder abduction
  • Ask patient to move arm into external rotation - Backwards towards floor

Positive - Apprehension on face

21
Q

Shoulder Instability Tests - Scarf Test

A

Tests for - AC Joint Pathology

  • Client sitting on end of bed
  • Ask patient to put hand onto opposite shoulder
  • Apply resistance from elbow, towards the body

Positive - Pain

22
Q

Shoulder Instability Tests - O’Briens Test

A

Tests for - SLAP Lesion

  • Patient standing with arms in front of them palms to floor
  • Bring arms into 10 degrees of adduction
  • Ask patient to rotate thumbs downwards
  • Apply downwards pressure as they push upwards

Positive - Pain / Arm drop

23
Q

Impingement definition

A

Structures rubbing or applying pressure on a nerve or tendon

24
Q

Difference between dermatome and myotome

A

Dermatome - An area of the skin that is innervated by the sensory fibres that stem from a specific nerve root

Myotome - A group of muscles that is innervated by the motor fibres that stem from a specific nerve root

MSK Tests (5 decks)

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