Shoulder Flashcards
What are the joints/articulations that makeup the shoulder?
Glenohumeral joint, sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint, & scapulothoracic joint
On the manubrium, the ___ facets articulate with the clavicles
clavicular
The costal facets articulate with the ____
ribs
The first two costal facets articulate with what two things?
rib #1 and rib #2
The ____ notch is between the clavicular facets
jugular
The shaft of the clavicle is curved with the anterior surface generally (convex/concave) medially and (concave/convex) laterally
convex; concave
The anatomic position of the shaft of the clavicle is nearly in the (horizontal/frontal) plane
horizontal
The ___ tuberosity is the attachment of the costoclavicular ligament
costal
The ___ forms a shelf above the glenoid fossa
acromion
The glenoid fossa of the scapula is slightly (concave/convex)
concave
The angle of inclination of the scapula varies. It can be - ___ degrees pointing downward a little bit or way up in the air at + ___degrees. The + ___ degrees of upward slope for the glenoid is about where most people are about.
7; 16; 4
At rest with the scapula resting on the posterior-lateral surface of the thorax, the Glenoid Fossa faces approximately 30-40 degrees anterior to the Frontal Plane. This position is known as the “___ _____” – the position the humerus and arm follow naturally when raising the arm overhead
scapular plane
What is the proximal attachment of the longhead of the biceps?
The supraglenoid tubercle
What is the proximal attachment of the triceps brachii?
The infraglenoid tubercle
The head of the humerus faces (medially/laterally) and (superiorly/inferiorly) and forms a 135 degree angle of inclination with the long axis of the humeral shaft
medially and superiorly; 135
Retroversion is a backwards twist of the humerus which makes it so the head of the humerus does not point straight above. Retroversion aligns the humeral head within the scapular plane for articulation with the ___ _____
glenoid fossa
At birth there is (more/less) degrees of retroversion and it naturally (increases/de-rotates) to 30 degrees between 16 and 20 years old.
More; derotates
Mechanical stress can change the amount of retroversion you end up with in your humerus. Repetitive torsional stress causes adaptation to the humerus. It either causes greater retroversion or inhibits derotation. Either way the end result is the same which is 10 to 15 degrees of (more/less) humeral retroversion
More
If I was somebody who pitched in my younger days then I would typically have (more/less) retroversion.
more
The shaft of the humerus is separated from the head of the humerus by the (anatomical/surgical) neck of the humerus
anotomical
What is the inferior attachment site for the subscapularis?
The lesser tubercle of the humerus
What is the inferior attachment site for the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, & teres minor?
The greater tubercle of the humerus
The posterior shaft of the humerus contains the radial groove which lies between the lateral and medial heads of the _____
triceps
The ___ nerve lies in the radial groove
radial
What joint firmly attaches the clavicle to the scapula?
The A/C joint
What is the most distal and most mobile shoulder joint?
The glenohumeral joint
Which shoulder joint is not a true joint?
Scapulothoracic joint
What are the three movements of the scapula discussed in lecture?
Elevation/Depression,
Upward/Downward rotation,
Protraction/Retraction
What joint links the appendicular skeleton with the axial skeleton?
Sternoclavicular joint
Clavicle: (convex/concave) longitudinal diameter, (concave/convex) transverse diameter
convex; concave
Sternum: (concave/convex) longitudinally , (convex/concave) transversely
concave; convex
In the SC joint, which ligament connects the medial ends of each clavicle ?
The interclavicular ligament
In the SC joint, which ligament runs from the first rib to the clavicle and stabilizes the joint through all motions except depression?
Costoclavicular ligament
In the SC joint the articular disc (increases/decreases) congruity and (increases/decreases) shock absorption
increases; increases
What muscles provide the SC joint with stability anteriorly, posteriorly, and inferiorly?
Anteriorly: SCM, posteriorly: sternothyroid & sternohyoid, Inferiorly: sublavius
The glenohumeral joint is an articulation formed between the relatively large convex head of the ____ and shallow concavity of the ____ _____
humerus; glenoid fossa
The glenohumeral joint moves in conjunction with the moving ___ to produce an extensive range of motion of the shoulder
scapula
The orientation of the glenoid faces (upward/downward) and (anterior/posterior). It is almost as if the ball was able to rest a little bit on the socket at the bottom increasing a little bit of stability.
upward; anterior
There is a (cartilaginous/fibrous) ring that goes all the way around the glenoid and it deepens that concavity in order to create some stability. We don’t want deep bony sockets because that does not have as much give. We would rather have a shallow bony socket with a cartilage ring around the edge to hold it stable to some extent to allow more motion.
cartilaginous
The space within the capsule in the glenohumeral joint is twice the size of the humeral head so that tells us that the (passive/active) subsystem is pretty lax and allows a lot of freedom in movement.
passive