Shock

Question 0

Three possible mechanisms of shock

Answer 0

1 pump failure of heart
2 loss of circulating fluid
3 loss of peripheral vascular tone

Question 1

Shock

Answer 1

State of hypofusion of tissues with blood

Question 2

Shock results in

Answer 2

Tissue anoxia
Multi-organ failure
Cardio respiratory failure

Question 3

Types of shock

Answer 3

1. Cardiogenic
2. Hypovolemic
3. Hypotonic

Question 4

Events of shock

Answer 4

Hypovolemia and vasodilation can lead to Heart Failure
–> decreased cardiac output –> hypofusion of tissue –> anoxia –> Shock

Shock can lead to renal failure, GI lesions, ARDS and death

Anoxia can lead to DIC which leads to both hypovolemia and heart failure

Anoxia also releases cytokines, causes acidosis, and increases vasodilation.

Question 5

ARDS

Answer 5

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
“Shock lung”

Low BP –> stagnation –> pulmonary edema

Alveolar-capillary units break down –> anoxia –> release of TNF and IL-1

Question 6

Three stages of shock

Answer 6

Early/compensated
Decompensated
Irreversible

Question 7

Compensated shock

Answer 7

Adaptive characteristics compensate, including:
Tachycardia
Peripheral artery vasoconstriction
Reduced urine production

Normal BP, no serious ischemia

Question 8

Decompensated shock

Answer 8

Early compensatory mechanisms failing.

Hypotension
Tachypnea
Oliguria
Acidosis

Question 9

Tachypnea

Answer 9

Rapid respiration, SOB

Question 10

Oliguria

Answer 10

Decreases renal fluid output

Question 11

Irreversible shock

Answer 11

Circulatory collapse
Hypofusion of vital organs
Loss of vital functions

Question 12

DIC

Answer 12

Disseminated intravascular collapse

Widespread clot formation due to Hypercoagulability of blood, fluid loss and hemoconcentration.