Shock

Question 1

Which types of shock are associated with widespread vasodilation?

Answer 1

-Neurogenic
-Septic
-Anaphylatic

Question 2

Which type of shock might occur after a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Answer 2

Cardiogenic shock

Question 3

What are the main treatment methods for anaphylactic shock?

Answer 3

-Antihistamine
-IM adrenaline

Question 4

What are the 4 phases of hypovolemic shock with signs and symptoms

Answer 4

• Phase 1: Initial - decreased blood volume
  Signs/Symptoms:
  Drop in vital signs
• Phase 2: Compensatory - compensatory mechanism such as increased sympathetic NS & RAAS system
  Signs/Symptoms:
  Increase in vital signs
  sweating
  reduced temp
  olguria
  thirst
• Phase 3: Progressive - Tissue ischemia and hypoxia
  Signs/Symptoms:
  High HR & RR
  Low BP & pulse
  Cool skin
  confusion
• Phase 4: Refractory - cell death & heart failure
  Signs/Symptoms:
  LoC
  Coma
  Cold

Question 5

Name 4 common symptoms of shock and why they occur

Answer 5

1. Hypotension - drop in CO/TPR
2. Change in HR - HR initially increases as a first response to drop in CO/BP but as it progresses, it will fall.
3. Oliguria - Decreased urinary output occurs because of any vasoconstriction and increased sodium and water reabsorption at the kidneys associated with activation of the SNS & RAAS.
4. Change in body/skin temp - vasoconstriction associated with the homeostatic response to shock or due to the vasodilation that occurs in distributive types of shock.