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Eq SX Musc Skel Exam > Shit from slides I should know > Flashcards

Shit from slides I should know Flashcards

1
Q

If you try bute for a lameness and it doesn’t help you may not

A

be able to block it out

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2
Q

Neurogenic atrophy

A

Focal of generalized, greater than expected degree of lameness-happens quickly, weeks

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3
Q

Disuse atrophy

A

Generalized, happens slower over months, may be accompanied by contracture (foot or joints)

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4
Q

Edema

A

Fluid in interstitium

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5
Q

Effusion

A

Fluid in cavity

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6
Q

Cellulitis

A

More dramatic than edema, usually painful

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7
Q

Sweeny

A

Suprascapular n. injury

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8
Q

Contracted heels

A

narrowing of foot, taller

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9
Q

Flares

A
  • Imbalance

- Angular deformity

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10
Q

Knocked down hip/tuber coxae position

A

pelvic fracture

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11
Q

Tuber coxae prominence

A

muscle atrophy

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12
Q

Treading

A

Shifting weight

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13
Q

Dropped elbow DDX

A
  1. Radial n. injury/paralysis
  2. Olecranon fracture
  3. Triceps myopathy
  4. Distal humeral fracture
  5. Proximal radial fracture
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14
Q

Caudal extension of hindlimb

A

Upward fixation of patella

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15
Q

Knuckling hindlimb

A

femoral ner paresis/paralysis

-tibial/peronial

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16
Q

Straight post leg conformation increased risk of

A

medial femoral chondylar cysts

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17
Q

Boney proliferations on palpation are not usually

A

painful

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18
Q

Carpal sheath effusion seen

A

lateral to accessory bone

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19
Q

Wind puffs

A

Fetlock effusion

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20
Q

Hoof test

A
  1. Toe
  2. Quarters/nails
  3. Bars
  4. Frog
  5. Heel
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21
Q

Semimem and semited palpation important if

A
  • horse has PSSM

- hx of tying up

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22
Q

No muscle over

A

medial femorotibial joint

-lateral femorotibial joint is under muscle

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23
Q

It is important to distinguish tarsal sheath effusion from

A

Effusion of plantar pouch of tarsal joints

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24
Q

Can’t usually palpate tarsal sheath

A

unless there is effusino

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25
Q

Curb

A
  • Long plantar ligament desmitis
  • standardbreds
  • sickle hocked horses
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26
Q

Gaits

A

Walk: 4 beat, symmetric, no suspension
Trot: 2 beat diagonal, symmetric suspension
Pace: 2 beat lateral, symmetric suspension
Rack/told/fino: 4 beat lateral (diagonal), variable symmetry, no suspension

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27
Q

Plaiting

A

walking a tight rope

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28
Q

Cross fire

A

Back leg hits front legs

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29
Q

In hindlimb lameness, hip excursion is

A

increased on lame leg

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30
Q

In hindlimb lameness, pelvic high

A

down on sound

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31
Q

Crouching

A

Stifles stay slightly flexed w/ proximal suspensory pain in racehorses

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32
Q

Bunny hop at the canter

A

Usually a stifle problem

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33
Q

Lameness grades

A
  1. Hard to see, not consistent
  2. Hard to see, may be consistent on circle
  3. Consistent at trot
  4. Obvious at walk
  5. Minimal weightbearing
34
Q

Mechanical/neuro lameness

A
  1. Stringhalt
  2. Fibrotic myopathy
  3. Shivers
  4. Upward fixation of patella
  5. Healed ruptured peroneus tertius
  6. Cervical facet osteoarthritis
  7. Kissing spine
  8. Wobblers
  9. EPM
  10. Suprascapular nerve injury
  11. Rabies
  12. Polysaccharide storage myopathy
35
Q

Coxofemoral luxations

A

Head of femur luxates craniodorsal, affected leg appears shorter, hip higher

36
Q

Whirlbone

A

Trochanteric bursitis

37
Q

Vertebral column

A 
Cervical-7
Thoracic-18
Lumbar-6 (5-7)
Sacral-5 fused
Coccygeal-15-21 (18)
38
Q

Wobblers common locations

A

Caudal cervical
C4-C5
C5-C6
C6-C7

39
Q

Hunter’s bump

A

Prominent tuber sacrale

  • sacroiliac subluxation/OA
  • Back exercises
40
Q

Physeal closure MC/MT III

A

4 months

41
Q

Physeal closure Distal radius

A

18-24 months

-little growth after 1 yr old tho

42
Q

Physeal closure Distal Tibia

A

17-24 months

43
Q

Ossification of cuboidal bones in

A

last 2-3 months of gestation

44
Q

Normal foal conformation

A

carpal valgus and outward rotation

45
Q

Normal weanling conformation (4-5 months old)

A

Fetlock straight

Mild carpal valgus and external rotation

46
Q

Normal yearling conformation

A

straight

47
Q

Surgical Treatment angular deformity

A
  1. Do at less than 3 months only if severe
  2. Typically after rapid growth phase is complete
    - Metacarpus > 2 mos
    - Tibia > 4 mos
    - Radius > 6 mos
48
Q

Flexor tendon laxity tx

A

heel extension

49
Q

Tendon contracture tx

A

IV Oxytetracycline

50
Q

Distal tendon sheath starts at

A

distal 2/3 of MC/MT extends to foot

-encases DDFT, SDFT (+manical flexoria)

51
Q

Most common chip fracture in TB race horses

A

Dorso-medial/-lateral PI OCF

52
Q

Palmar/Plantar Osteochondral disease leads to

A

Osteoarthritis

53
Q

For MCIII/MTIII condylar fractures Coaptation is

A

EXTREMELY IMPORTANT

54
Q

Bucked shins

A

Dorsal metacarpal disease

-lameness from dorsal cortex maladaptive remodeling of MCIII

55
Q

Bucked shins predisposes to

A

dorsal cortical fractures

56
Q

Osteostixis

A

Cortical drilling, tx for bucked shins

57
Q

Forelimb bears

A

~60% of weight

58
Q

Most forelimb lameness originates

A

distal to carpus (95%)

59
Q

Hindlimb bears

A

35-40% weight

60
Q

Most hind limb lameness originates from

A

Hock or stifle (80%)

61
Q

Collateral ligament desmitis DIPJ, on a circle the

A

outside leg is under more stress

62
Q

PIII fracture types

A
  1. wing
  2. articular wing
  3. axial/sagittal
  4. extensor process
  5. comminuted
  6. solar margin chip
  7. solar margin foal
63
Q

If there is a fetlock OCD you should

A

radiograph all four fetlocks

64
Q

Portable x-ray machines

A

10-30 mA

70-90kVp

65
Q

In radiography, highlighted surfaces are

A

perpendicular to the beam

66
Q

marker is always

A

dorsal or lateral

67
Q

7-12 MHz U/S penetrates

2-3.5 MHz penetrates

A

5-7 cm

20-30 cm

68
Q

Collagen is strong in

A

Tension

69
Q

Aggrecan resists

A

Compressive forces

70
Q

Bad joint things

A
  1. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)
  2. Aggrecanases
  3. Cytokines
  4. Prostaglandins
  5. Oxygen derived free radicals
71
Q

TIMP

A

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases

-Binds and inactivates MMP

72
Q

Facilitated ankylosis

A
  1. Surgical-drilling
  2. Chemical-EtOH, MIA
  3. Laser
73
Q

Brand name/drug name steroids

A
  1. Depo-medrol - Methylprednisolone acetate
  2. Vetalog - triamcinolone
  3. Celestone Soluspan - Betamethasone
  4. Predef 2X - Isoflupredone
74
Q

Bisphosphanates act on

A

Osteoclasts to inhibit bone destruction/remodeling

-renal injury, bone fx

75
Q

Most common joints affected by OC

A
  1. Tarsus
  2. Stifle
  3. Fetlocks
76
Q

OC - Tarsus, you are what you will be after

A

5 months

77
Q

OC - Stifle, you are what you will be after

A

8-11 months

78
Q

Osteochondrosis

A

Failure of regression of epiphyseal cartilage

-leucency/flattening on rads

79
Q

Subchondral bone cysts location

A

Medial femoral condyle of distal femur

-width of opening influences prognosis, not depth

80
Q

Most common OC locations in tarsus

A
  1. DIRT
  2. LTR
  3. MM
81
Q

Most common OC lesions in stifle

A

LTR

82
Q

Proximal interphalangeal OA shoeing

A

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Eq SX Musc Skel Exam (20 decks)

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