Proximal forelimb-B Flashcards
Dzs of proximal forelimb
- Radial N. paralysis
- Olecranon fractures
- Shoulder OCD
- Shoulder OA
- Suprascapular nerve paralysis (Sweeny)
Radial nerve innervates
extensors of elbow, carpus and digits
Radial nerve paralysis etiology
- trauma
- kicks/falls
- lateral recumbency
- general anesthesia
Radial n. paralysis CS
- dropped elbow
- inability to extend limb
- dragging limb along ground
Radial n paralysis TX
- Stall rest
- systemic abx
- Full limb splint
- allows weightbearing
- prevents breakdown of other leg - surgical release of entrapped nerve-chronic cases
Radial n. paralysis prognosis
mild/acute cases-guarded
chronic-poor
Radial fractures etiology
Rare
Usually result of trauma from kick
Often comminuted
Simple/transverse/spiral-can manage conservatively
In radial fractures the tension surface is the
cranial and lateral surface
In Radial fractures it is not recommended to
cast limb
Olecranon fracture etiology
result from trauma, kick or fall
Olecranon fracture CS
Dropped elbow
Flexed carpus
Pain on limb extension
Types of olecranon fracture
6 types
Olecranon fracture TX conservative
- If non-articular, horse can be cross tied for 8 weeks
- flexor tendon contracture, triceps trophy, non-union, elbow arthritis, ALD in contralateral leg, laminitis if adult
Olecranon fracture TX SX
Tension band principle to counteract pull of the triceps muscle
OCD and SBCs of elbow
Diagnosis and treatment same as for other joints
OCD in humerus denoted by
Humeral condylar flattening
-results in osteochondral flap formation
SBCs tend to occur in
- distal humerus
- proximal radius
- Olecranon-rare
Shoulder diseases
- OCD/SBCs
- Supraglenoid tubercle fracture
- Suprascapular nerve paralysis (Sweeny)
Shoulder OC
- Occurs typically in weanlings and yearlings
- Mild intermittent or even severe lameness
- Manipulations of shoulder increases lameness
- Horse may circumduct limb during exam
Shoulder OC dx
based on clinical signs with intra-articular anesthesia
Cyst like lesions in shoulder most commonly occur in
the glenoid cavity
Shoulder OC TX
Conservative 1. systemic NSAIDS 2. rest 3. diet modification 4. IA HA or adequan Surgery 1. arthroscopic debridement
Shoulder OC prognosis
good-mild lesions with surgery
poor-significant DJD
Supraglenoid tubercle fractures
- Can disrupt stay apparatus (extend elbow while shoulder is flexed)
- Tx of choice placement of screws in lag fashion and tension band wiring, +/- biceps transection
- good prognosis with appropriate treatment
Suprascapular nerve paralysis
Nsaids
Rest
Hydrotherapy
Rehabilitation
Supra scapular notch if 3 months no improvement
Prognosis good with early treatment, although prolonged recovery (6-18 months)
Poor prognosis if muscle atrophy remains after 10 months
Bicipital bursitis
- Bursa under tendon of biceps brachii
- pain on palpation of shoulder and during flexion
- Intrabursal anesthesia for dx
- tx is rest, nsaids, intrabursal corticosteroids
