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Shigellosis Flashcards

1
Q

Slender, gram-negative rods; coccobacillary forms

A

Shigellae

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2
Q

Synonym of Shigellosis

A

Bacillary Dysentery

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3
Q

Acute bacterial infection of the lining of the intestines caused by extremely infectious bacteria

A

Shigellosis

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4
Q

Most serious form of Shigellosis

A

Dysentery

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5
Q

Group of bacteria that causes Shigellosis

A

Shigella

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6
Q

Now known as the Shigella dysenteriae type 1

A

Shiga bacillus

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7
Q

Non spore-forming, gram negative bacterium; non-motile, rod shaped bacterium and does not produce gas from sugars; facultative anaerobes; ferment glucose except S. sonnei

A

Shigella

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8
Q

Only one that ferments lactose

A

Shigella sonnei

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9
Q

Four types of Shigella bacteria

A

S. dysenteriae
S. sonnei
S. flexneri
S. boydii

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10
Q

Toxin that contributes to the irritation of the bowel wall during autolysis

A

Endotoxin

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11
Q

Toxin that affects both the gut and CNS, heat-labile exotoxin; antigenic, produces diarrhea, inhibits sugar and amino acid absorption; dysentery with blood and pus in stools

A

Exotoxin

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12
Q

Contribute to the severity and fatal nature of s. dysenteriae

A

Neurotoxin

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13
Q

CNS infections caused by Shigella

A

Meningismus and comatose

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14
Q

Toxic activity of shigella that is distinct in dysentery

A

Dysentery with blood and pus in stool

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15
Q

Virulence factor responsible for the binding of the host cell while initiating pathways that kill macrophage upon infection

A

IpaB

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16
Q

Virulence factor that activates protein to form actin polymerizing complex that allows shigella bacteria to move and spread

17
Q

Virulence factor responsible for the bacteria to enter the small intestine due to SPA; recognize and cause inflammatory response

18
Q

Responsible for fever during shigellosis infection

19
Q

Causes the diarrhea in shigellosis

A

ShET (Shigella Enterotoxin)

20
Q

Mode of transmission of Shigellosis:

A

Fecal-Oral route, Ingestion, Drinking, Person-Person

21
Q

Infective dose of shigellosis

22
Q

Constant need to empty the bowel with pain

23
Q

Drug of Choice for Children suffering from Shigellosis

A

Ampicillin

24
Q

If allergic to ampicillin

A

Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim

25
Q

Drug of Choice for Adults

A

Cephalosporin/Ceftriaxone

26
Q

If allergic to Ceftriaxone

A

Ciprofloxacin

27
Q

Last option for Adults

A

Azithromycin

28
Q

Two Phases of Shigellosis

A
  1. Watery Diarrhea

2. Bloody Diarrhea

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