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Amoebiasis Flashcards

1
Q

Named the Parasite as Amoeba Coli

A

Fedor Losch

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2
Q

Renamed the parasite into Entamoeba Coli

A

Fritz Shaudinn

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3
Q

Subphylum of Amoeba

A

Sarcodina

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4
Q

Family of Amoeba

A

Entamoebidea

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5
Q

Confined in the intestines but can be carried to other parts of the body

A

Amoeba

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6
Q

Amoeba is aerobe or anaerobe?

A

Anaerobe

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7
Q

Synonyms of Amoebiasis:

A 
Amebiasis
Entamoebiasis 
Intestinal Amoebiasis
Amebic Dysentery
Walking Dysentery
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8
Q

Causative agent of Amoebiasis:

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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9
Q

2nd most common cause of diarrhea in travelers

A

Amoeba

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10
Q

What kind is the Entamoeba histolytica?

A

Protozoa

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11
Q

Drug used for Amoebiasis

A

Metronidazole

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12
Q

Drug that causes aplastic anemia

A

Chloramphenicol

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13
Q

Morphologically related to E. dispar and E. moshkovskii

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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14
Q

2 forms of e. histolytica:

A

Hard, infective cysts

Fragile, pathogenic trophozoite

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15
Q

Predominate in formed stools
Resist destruction in the external environment
Thick Chitin wall that contributes to resistance from acidic juices of stomach

A

E. histolytica cysts

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16
Q

Feed on bacteria and tissue
Colonize lumen and mucosa of large intestine
Invade tissue and organs
Predominate in liquid stools

A

E. histolytica trophozoite

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17
Q

3 Steps of Host Cell destruction:

A
  1. Adherence
  2. Cytolysis
  3. Phagocytosis
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18
Q

Initial contact of Amoeba is mediated by the parasite’s

A

N-acetyl D-galactosamine

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19
Q

Final step in the apoptopic pathway:

A

Phagocytosis

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20
Q

Limit inflammation by preventing spillage of toxic intracellular contents of dead cells

A

Phagocytosis

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21
Q

Type of amoebiasis where cysts are absent in stools and trophozoites are fragile

A

Acute amoebiasis

22
Q

Type of amoebiasis that involves gastrointestinal symptoms plus fatigue, wt loss, and occasional fever

A

Chronic Amoebiasis

23
Q

Type of Amoebiasis; cysts in stool

A

Chronic Amoebiasis

24
Q

Any diarrheal episode in which the loose or watery stool contains visible red blood

A

Amoebic dysentery

25
Q

Occurs when the parasite invade the intestinal wall and abscesses may develop in the liver

A

Amoebic Dysentery

26
Q

Presents w/ fever and right upper quadrant abdominal pain

A

Liver abscesses

27
Q

Described the first proven case of Amoebic dysentery in St. Petersburg, Russia

A

Fedor Losch

28
Q

Participates in adhesion and cytotoxicity

A

Serine, Threonine, and Isoleucine Rich protein

29
Q

decreased virulence in animal model of amoebic liver

30
Q

Intestinal Diagnosis

A

Stool Examination
PCR
Serologic Test (IHA)
Colonoscopy w/ Biopsy

31
Q

Liver diagnosis of Amoebiasis

A

Liver Aspiration
Ultrasound Examination
Serologic Test (ELISA)

32
Q

Incubation Period of Amoebiasis

33
Q

Visual inspection of the entire large bowel from the distal rectum to cecum

A

Sigmoidoscopy

34
Q

Use of crude extract of axenically cultured organism

A

Indirect Hemagglutination Assay

35
Q

Present in stool examination; due to breakdown of eiosinophils

A

Charcot Leyden Crystals

36
Q

Detects presence of anti-lectin antibodies IgG

A

Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay (ELISA)

37
Q

with WBC

A

Anchovy paste from liver

38
Q

without WBC

A

Anchovy paste from market

39
Q

Most common complication of Amoebiasis

A

Liver Abscesses

40
Q

Complication of Amoebiasis

A

Toxic Megacolon

Amoeboma

41
Q

Condition where the lining of the colon thickens due to flask-shaped ulcers

42
Q

Virulence Factors of Amoeba

A

Gal/GalNac (Galactose and N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine)
Cysteine Proteinases
Amoebapore
Myosin IV

43
Q

Virulence factor of Amoeba for binding

A

Gal/GalNac

44
Q

Virulence factor of Amoeba for Invasion; destruction of proteins

A

Cysteine Proteinases

45
Q

Virulence factor for the production of pores

A

Amoebapore

46
Q

Virulence factor of Amoebiasis for increased phagocytosos

47
Q

Classification of Drugs for Amoebiasis

A
  1. Luminal amoebicides

2. Systemic Amoebicides

48
Q

Drugs that are active primarily against organisms in the colonic contents

A

Drugs active against organisms responsible for invasive diseases

49
Q

Loss of full control of body movements; adverse effect of Metronidazole

50
Q

Treatment of Amoebiasis in non-edemic areas; asymptomatic carriers; luminal amoebicide

A

Diloxanide

51
Q

Drug that is less toxic that Emetine; most effective but too irritant to be taken orally; alternative to metronidazole

A

Dehydroemetine

52
Q

Treatment of amoebic hepatic abscesses as an adjunct to dehydroemetine

A

Chloroquinone

PharCare (5 decks)

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