Shelton 04: Alcohols Flashcards
Define an alcohol
Organic compound with one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups attached to a carbon atom of an alkyl group
Alcohols are amongst the most common ______ compounds
organic
Describe the physical characteristics of most alcohols at room temperature
Colorless liquids or solids
What determines if an alcohol is liquid or solid at room temperature?
Number of carbons in chain.
Fewer than 12 = liquid
12+ = Solid
What are the three common alcohols
2-propranol/Isopropyl alcohol
Methanol
Ethanol
Which of the three is non-toxic in small doses?
Ethanol
How long have alcoholic beverages been around
12,000 years
What is an alcohol’s proof?
Its percentage of absolute alcohol by volume
In the USA what does proof mean
the number of parts alcohol in 200 parts of beverage
So a beverage that is labeled as 86 proof contains how many parts alcohol?
86/200 = 43/100
43% alcohol
How many calories does 1 g of ethyl alcohol yield?
7
How is alcohol absorbed
Rapidly into the bloodstream from stomach and small intestine
How long after drinking does the alcohol get to peak levels
40 min, but food delays absorption
Why does food effect alcohol absorption
ADH in gastric mucosa so if food is consumed, ethanol will also be broken down
What percent of alcohol is absorbed in the stomach? Small intestine?
Stomach = 15%
Small Intestine = 85%
