Exam 1: Cardiovasular Flashcards

1
Q

What does Cardiac Output X TPR =

A

Blood Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do you calculate Cardiac Output

A

Heart Rate x Stroke Volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What response does the A1 receptor prompt?

A

Vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What response does the B2 receptor prompt?

A

Vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What response does the B1 receptor prompt?

A

Increased HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What receptor will lower the HR?

A

M2 (vagus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What response does the M (vascular) receptor prompt?

A

Vasodilation (So does B2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which two receptors are not innervated?

A

B2 and M (vascular)

The two receptors for vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What effect does A1 vasoconstriction have on the CV System?

A

Increase TPR

Increase BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does TPR stand for?

A

Total Peripheral Resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What effect does the increased HR from a B1 stimulation have on the CV System?

A

Increased CO

Increased BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What two receptors have the ability to Increase BP?

A

A1 & B1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What Three receptors can lower BP?

A

B2
M
M2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the effect the B2 Vasodilation has on the CV system (Same for M [vascular])

A

Decrease TPR

Decrease BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the effect the M2 (Vagus) receptor’s decrease in heart rate has on the CV system?

A

Decrease CO

Decrease BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are the A1 receptors found

A

vasculature on the systemic side (arteriole side)

17
Q

Where are the B1 receptors found?

A

In the cardiac tissue

18
Q

Where are the B2 receptors found?

A

In the arteriole vasculature just like the A1 receptors…they promote the opposite effect of the A1 receptors

19
Q

If the B2 and M (vascular) receptors are not innervated, then how do they get stimulated?

A

By EPI from the Adrenal Medulla

20
Q

Why are B2’s less important than A1 and B1 receptors?

A

Because they are not innervated by neurons

21
Q

What is tone?

A

Basal release of transmitters during resting conditions

22
Q

What is resting BP and HR?

A

120/80 @ 70 BPM

23
Q

What is BP and HR with no tone?

A

60/40 @ 75 BPM

24
Q

Why does an athlete have a low resting HR?

A

Because they have a very high vagal (parasympathetic) tone

25
Why does you HR = 75 with NO tone, and less (70) with tone?
Because Vagal tone is -10 bpm and Beta1 tone is +5 | Net effect is -5 bpm with tone
26
Where is most of the tone coming from under resting condition?
NE on the A1 receptors in the vasculature
27
When the stretch receptors detect an increased in BP what signal is sent out
Strong Vagus (PS) tone Weak B2 tone Together they decrease TPR and lower BP
28
When the stretch receptors detect and decrease in BP what signal is sent out?
Strong increase in NE to A1 Weak increase to B1 This will increase TPR and HR increasing BP
29
Isoproterenol is an agonist for which receptors?
B1 and B2
30
What effect will a low dose of isoproterenol have on the Pulse rate, BP, and TPR?
B1 - Increases HR --> Increases CO --> Increase in Systolic BP B2 - Lowers TPR --> Decrease in Diastolic BP Net effect = Increased Pulse Pressure....and the reflex arc does not care about Pulse Pressure
31
What effect will a low dose of EPI have on the Pulse Rate, BP, and TPR?
A1 - Increases TPR --> Increases Diastolic BP B1 - Increases HR --> Increases CO --> Increases Systolic BP B2 - Decreases TPR --> Decreases Diastolic BP Net effect = Slight vasodilation because EPI has more effect on B2 at low doses...no rxn from reflex arc
32
What effect will a low dose of NE have on the Pulse Rate, BP, and TPR?
NE effects A1 more than B1/B2 So there will be a large Increase in TPR so there will be an increase in Diastolic BP NE is a very weak B2 agonist so there will be a stronger signal to increase HR/CO so Systolic BP will increase as well. Net increase will be an increase in BP but a decrease in HR due to the reflex action overpowering NE's effect on B1