Sheet Metal Progressive Test Flashcards
What are the three types of metal structures that exist in an aircraft shell
Monocoque
Semi-monocoque
Reinforced shell
What forms a monocoque structure
The bulkhead the former and the skin
What carries most the load on a monocoque structure
The thin metal skin 
What are the components that make up a semi monocoque structure
The bulkhead the stringers and the formers
What is a bulkhead
A structural partition that divides the future large of an aircraft in compartments or bays 
What is a former
An aircraft structural member used to give a fuselage its shape
What is a stringer
A part of an aircraft structure used to give the fuselage its shape and in types of structure to provide a small part of the fuselage strength. Formers give the fuselage is cross-sectional shape Between the formers 
What are the components that make up a reinforce shell Structure
It uses bulkhead formers and stringers but it also uses longeron‘s to help carry the sheet metal load
What is a longeron
The main longitudinal loadbearing member of an aircraft Fuselage
What provides the shape for the reinforce shell structure
The bulkhead formers and stringers
What is stress on an aircraft
A force set up with an object that tries to prevent an outside force from changing its shape
What is strain on an aircraft
A deformation or physical change in the material caused by stress
What is the materials elastic limit
The maximum amount of tensile load, in pounds per square inch, a material is able to withstand without being permanently deformed.
What is tension on an airplane
Tension is anything that tries to pull the object apart
What is compression on an aircraft structure
Compression tries to squeeze the ends of an object together or sheet metal together
What is torsion stress on an aircraft
Torsion is a combination of tension and compression acting on the same object the act at 90° to each other in a both acting at 45° of the shape
When an aircraft is sitting on the ground what is taking place across the wings
Compression is taking place on the top of the wings and tension is taking place underneath the wings 
What is shear stress
And sheer stress tries to slide an object apart it will try to pull an object in one direction while being pulled in another
What type of alloy is the most popular structural aluminum alloy
Alloy 2024
Where is alloy 7075 used
For high strength structural requirements it contains Zinc
What is a pure 99% aluminum represented as
1XXX
What is copper represented as
2XXX
What is manganese represented as
3XXX
What is silicon represented as
4XXX
What is magnesium represented as
5XXX
What is magnesium and silicone represented as
6XXX
What is zinc represented as
7XXX
What are the two classifications of aluminum alloys divided up into
Can it be heat treated or can it not
What is solution heat treatment
A type of heat treatment for non-ferrous metals in which the metal is heated in a furnace until it has a uniform temperature throughout. It is then removed and quenched in cold water. When the metal is hot the alloy element enter into a solid solution with a base metal to become part of its basic structure. When the metal is quench these elements are quickly locked into place.
What is determined as aging
When you let a metal sit for a period of several days and the metal gains harness and strength
What is precipitation heat treatment
A method of increasing the strength of a heat treatment alloy. After the aluminum alloy has been solution heat treated by heating and quenching, it is returned to the oven and heated to a temperature lower than that is used for the initial heat treatment. It is held at this temperature for a specified period of time and then removed from the oven and allowed to cool slowly.
What is a annealing of metal
By softening the metal by heating them up in an oven to a specified temperature and then cooling them down slowly in the furnace or in still air. annealing leaves the metal soft but in this weakest condition
What does F mean for the metal temperature
The metal is left As fabricated. There has been no control over its temper. 
What does T represent in the aluminum alloy tempered designations
T means the metal may be heat treated 
What does H mean in the aluminum alloy temper designations
The metal cannot be heat treated but it can be hardened by cold working
What does o mean in the aluminum alloy temper designation
O means the metal has been annealed
What is clad aluminum
A sheet of aluminum alloy that has been coated Of pure aluminum Rolled on one or both of it surfaces for corrosion protection
What is Alclad and pure clad
A register trade name for clad aluminum alloy
What is anodizing
The electric process in which a hard, airtight, oxide film is deposited on aluminum alloy for corrosion protection
What is Alodine
A register trade name for a popular conversation coding chemical used to produce a hard, airtight, oxide film on aluminum alloy for corrosion protection
Why are magnesium alloys a bad decision when coming to important components of an aircraft structure
They are more susceptible corrosion and are more brittle and those are more likely to crack
Why is titanium very difficult and not likely used on aircraft
Titanium is expensive and difficult to work with but its ability to retain strength when exposed to high temperatures made it popular material for construction of high-performance turbine powered aircraft
What is a ferrous metal
Any metal that contains iron and has magnetic characteristics
What is corrosion resistant steel
Corrosion resistant steel is sometimes called stainless steel, and is used in thin sheets for engine firewalls and exhaust system components. The main alloy element in this steel are chromium and nickel.
How is the strength of metal measured in
Pounds per square inch of tensile strength
How can you test the tensile strength with a piece of machinery
By using a Rockwell hardness tester
What is yield strength
The amount of stress needed to permanently the deform a material
What is ultimate tensile strength
The tensile strength required to cause a material to break or to continue to form under a decreasing load.
What do you want to share first a rivet or the underlying metal
The rivet it should have a smaller sheer strength than the actual metal alloy
What is bearing strength
The amount of pull needed to cause a piece of sheet metal to tear at the points at which it is held together with rivets. The bearing strength of a material is affected by boat it’s thickness and the diameter of the rivet.
What is a MS 20470 rivet
This is a universal head rivet
What is a MS 20426 rivet
This is a countersunk head rivet
What is a MS 20430 river
A round head rivet
What is a MS20442 rivet
A flat head rivet
What is the rule of thumb for the river that you were choosing based off your material
The rivet should be made of the same material as sheet metal
What are icebox rivets
A solid rivet made of 2017 or 2024 aluminum alloy. These rivets are too hard to drive in the condition they are received from the factory, and must be heat treated to soften them. They are heated in the furnace and then quenched in cold water. Immediately after clenching they are soft, but within a few hours of room temperature they become quite hard.
What is the first number indicate after the MS 20470 rivet
The diameter given in 1/32 inch increments
What does the second – after the MS20470 mean
It is the length measured in 1/16 inch increments
What are solid rivets made of
They can be made of copper, stainless steel, and monel 
What are the types of special fasteners
The friction lock cherry rivet the mechanical lot cherry rivet the threaded rivet and the high-strength pin rivet
What are some typical layout tools for a sheet metal construction
A combination set which uses a scriber and a lever and a protractor head and a center head to figure out the length and to get the correct angles of the sheet metal
A steel scale a.k.a. the ruler that uses to measure the distance between two points
The divider also uses the transferring distances from a steel scale to a metal being laid out and for dividing a line into equal spaces
What are some typical marking tools used for sheet metal work
Punches may be used you have a prick punch, center punch, transfer a punch, and a pin punch
What are some typical cutting tools for sheet metal
The square is sheer a.k.a. what we used in the shop to cut the sheet metal with
The throatless shears A.k.a. similar to scissors cuts directly down the center
The scroll shears are used to cut irregular lines on the inside of a sheet without cutting through the edge
The bandsaw which uses a flat platform to cut the metal with a metal sawblade you can increase decrease speed and also tilt
The hacksaw which is the most widely used of all to cut the metal narrow they are about a half inch wide and are available about 10 and 12 inch Lanks
What are some typical tools used to smooth out the side of metal or top
Files ranging from different sizes a handheld cutting tool used to remove a small metal metal with each stroke
What is the most common type of chisel
The flat type
What are the three types of files
The single cut file
The double cut file
And a vixen file
What are some typical deburring tool
Files may be used also deburring tools
What are twist drill made to drill size
To the thousands of the rivet or bolt hole 
What is the shank of the drill bit
It is the shiny part of the drillbit that does not curve or dig into metal
What is used to rivet
A rivet gun that uses a beehive spring set retainer to hold the blank rivet set in place
A bucking bar is also used it comes in many sizes and shapes and it’s typically a piece of steel or iron
What holds the pieces of metal together after they have been drilled and ready for riveting
Cleco‘s hold the two pieces of metal together they can be used by Cleco pliers pushing down on a spring and relieving the spreader to fit into the hole
What are compression rivet squeezers
A type of riveting gun that slowly comprises the river together these are typically used on places that are very accessible to many rows of rivets
What is a hole finder
It is used to locate holes that has been underneath the structure where you cannot see
What is a chip chaser
A small tool that is used to dig out chips in between tight areas that way two pieces of metal can sit flush
