Sheep and Goat Repro Flashcards
What is flushing?
Increasing nutrient uptake by 20-30% 2-3 weeks before breeding (8 weeks prior for rams)
When do small ruminants cycle?
Late summer/early fall (short day breeders)
What is a suitable ram:ewe ratio for breeding?
2-4:100
What is the most effective test for pregnancy?
Non-return to estrus in 16-17d
When is about the earliest one can determine pregnancy by ultrasound?
20d
When do ewes typically get pregnancy toxemia and what can be done to prevent it?
Ewes with twins, fatties, or thin ones
Increase calories and protein ~6wk before parturition, 1/4lb increase per week
How is hydrometra treated?
pgf2alpha
T/F: Rams with a larger scrotum tend to sire kids that reach puberty faster
True
How long is the estrous cycle in sheep?
16-17d
How long is gestation?
140-155d
How long do each of the stages of parturition last?
Contractions - 2-8h
Abdominal press - 20min-2h
Lamb stands 30min, suckles 2h
Placenta expelled 2-4h
When do sheep reach puberty?
5-15mo
When should AI be performed in sheep?
18 - 24h after the start of estrus
Nutrition should be increased by 50% during the last ___ of gestation
1/3
Sheep reach peak milk production around ___ weeks, and it drops off by ___ weeks
2-3
8
When should kids begin creep feeding?
ASAP
What is a CIDR and how long is it used for?
Progesterone intra vaginal implant
12-14d
T/F: Prostaglandins only work during the breeding season
True
How can one induce superovulation and increase multiple births? (2)
PMSG 600 - 1,500 IU
HAP - 3d starting on cycle day 12
How is parturition induced? (2)
Dexamethasone 15-18mg IM day 141-142
Estradiol 15mg IM day 141-142
T/F: Prostaglandin may be used to induce parturition
False; not in sheep, but can induce abortion before day 60 (15mg pgf2a IM)
T/F: cystic ovary is a common condition in ewes
False
How long does a sheep take to return to heat after parturition?
2wk
What are the big three causes of abortion in sheep?
Campylobacter fetus
Toxoplasma gondii
Chlamydia
When should one intervene in a sheep dystocia?
1-1 1/2 hours into stage II if no progress made
When does vaginal prolapse occur in sheep?
Late gestation
What causes balanoposthitis (pizzle rot)?
High protein diets
T/F: Goat estrous cycles are more strictly limited to fall than sheep?
True
How long is the caprine cycle?
21d
How long does estrus last in goats?
12-36h
When should AI be performed on a goat?
12 AND 24h into estrus
How long is goat gestation?
140-155d
How is parturition induced in goats? (3)
Dexamethasone 15-18mg IM
Estradiol 15mg IM
Pgf2a
