Horse Repro Flashcards
What is normal gestational length for a horse?
330-340d
How long is first stage labor?
2-6h
How long is second stage labor (includes birth of foal)?
No longer than 30 min
How long is third stage labor (passage of placenta)?
8-12h
Within what time frame should the foal be standing?
Within 1h
T/F: C section is usually considered a salvage procedure for foal an not mare
False; mare and not foal
A foal is premature if it is born
325
What is the differece between premature and dysmature?
Premature - parturition occurs under 325d of gestation; foal is not fully developed
Dysmature - foal is of appropriate gestational age, but looks premature
What pneumocytes are underdeveloped in premature foals, and why does this matter?
Type II pneumocytes
They produce surfactant
What are seven clinical signs associated with premature/dysmature foals?
Small birth weight Thin body condition Smooth, silky hair coat Progressive generalized body weakness Slow to stand and nurse Weak pasterns and fetlocks Respiratory distress syndrome
What are six clinical signs of neonatal maladjustment syndrome?
Normal at birth Become abnormal in first 24h Loss of suck reflex Lose affinity for mare Incessant chewing Hypersensitivity to external stimuli
What are two drugs we avoid using in horses due to their supressive respiratory effects?
Xylazine
Detomidine
What are the ranges of IgG concentration in the foal when determining success of passive transfer?
800mg/dl - adequate PT
What is the gold standard for determination of serum IgG in a foal?
SRID
Single radial immunodiffusion assay
What is the most common bacterial pathogen in horses?
E. coli
