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Theriogenology > Bovine Repro > Flashcards

Bovine Repro Flashcards

1
Q

At what angle must a calf be rotated to insure it does not become stuck in the pelvic canal?

A

45 degrees

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2
Q

What artery in the cow, if ruptured, will almost certainly cause death?

A

Middle uterine artery; this is why you do not move a prolapsed cow

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3
Q

The hypothalamus releases ___, the anterior pituitary releases ___, and the ovary releases ___ and ___

A

GnRH
LH/FSH
Estrogen
Progesterone (keeps pregnancy)

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4
Q

Which hormone is responsible for maintaining pregnancy in cows?

A

Pgf2alpha

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5
Q

Which hormones aid in parturition? (4)

A

Oxytocin
Relaxin
Pgf2a
PgE2

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6
Q

Which hormones promote lactation? (3)

A

Prolactin
Lactogen
Estrogen

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7
Q

Bovine are ___ (seasonal/non-seasonal), ___ (monoestrus/polyestrus), and ___ (mono-ovulatory/poly-ovulatory)

A

Non-seasonal
Polyestrus
Mono-ovulatory

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8
Q

How long is the inter-estrus period in cattle?

A

18-23d

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9
Q

When a follicle is developing, progesterone and inhibin ___ (increase/decrease), pgf2a ___ (i/d), and FSH/LH ___ (i/d)

A

Decrease
Increase
Increase

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10
Q

What terminates the luteal phase in a normal estrus cycle?

A

E2 up, oxytocin up, myometrial contraction, pgf2a release, luteolysis, P4 down, GnRH down, LH up, ovulation!

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11
Q

What is the length of gestation in cattle?

A

280d

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12
Q

When does the fetus send signals to the dam in order to maintain pregnancy?

A

Day 15-16 (interferon tau, steroids, PGE?)

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13
Q

T/F: Pregnancy specific protein B is recognizable as early as day 3-4 of pregnancy

A

True

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14
Q

In the non-pregnant cycle, the P4 range is ___, while in the pregnant cycle, the P4 range is ___

A

5-7

6-15

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15
Q

For parturition to occur, both ___ and ___ need to decrease

A

Maternal

Fetal P4

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16
Q

In order for parturition to occur, what hormones need to increase? (3)

A

Fetal ACTH
E2
Pgf2a

17
Q

What is the first stage of parturition and how long should it take?

A

Cervical dilation and effacement

1-6h

18
Q

What is the second stage of parturition and how long should it take?

A

Fetal expulsion

No standards for time

19
Q

What is the third stage of parturition and how long should it take?

A

Expulsion of fetal membranes

Up to 48h

20
Q

What is the definition of dystocia in a cow?

A

Inability to deliver a calf after four hours of active pushing

Theriogenology (8 decks)

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