Sheep And Goat

Question 1

What is CAE and OPP in goats and sheep that are two related virus’s in these two species?

Answer 1

Carpine Arthiritis Encephalitis
Ovine Progressive Pneumonia

Question 2

How is CAE and OPP transmitted? How can we prevent?

Answer 2

Vertically
Colostrum management and heat treatment of colostrum
Pasteurised milk to kids

Question 3

What are the clinical signs in adults? CAE and OPP

Answer 3

Cannot maintain weight
Multiple swollen joints
Symmetrical firm mammary swelling
Reduced productivity

Question 4

Common test for OPP/CAE?

Answer 4

ELISA and AGID

Question 5

What should we do with new animals to reduce the chance of OPP.CAE introduction?

Answer 5

Isolate for several weeks and test

Question 6

What bacteria causes caseous lymphadenitis?

Answer 6

Corny bacterium pseudo tuberculosis (gram + cocci)

Question 7

Does C.Pseudotuburculosis persist in environment?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What is the most common clinical sign of caseous lymphadenitis?

Answer 8

Abscess on neck LN

Question 9

How can caseous lymphendinitis infect a sheep/goat?

Answer 9

Inhale, ingest or contaminated wound with bacteria

Question 10

Best way to test for caseous lymphadenitis?

Answer 10

Paired serology titres 2 weeks apart looking for a 4 fold rise in titre in active infection

Question 11

How do we manage caseous lymphadenitis?

Answer 11

Monitoring, lance abscess, isolate infected animals

Question 12

Wattle cysts look similar to Caseosu lymphadenitis, how do we tell difference?

Answer 12

Aspirate fluid (yellow transparent)
Ultrasound: non encapsulated

Question 13

What are the CS of Johne’s in sheep?

Answer 13

Chronic weight loss (diarrhoea not as much as a concern in sheep/goat), and poor fleece

Question 14

What hormone can be used to measure pregnancy in goat?

Answer 14

Progestin

Question 15

How long is goat estrus cycle?

Answer 15

20-21 days

Question 16

Clinical sighs of hemonchous contortus?

Answer 16

Weight loss
Appetite loss
Bottle jaw
Weight loss
Anemia

Question 17

Give two reasons why h.controtus becomes resistant easily?

Answer 17

Large genetic pool with lots of natural resistance gene
Good survivors: hypobiosis in host and environmental resistance outside
High fecundity: lots of eggs

Question 18

What is refugia?

Answer 18

A population of worms not exposed to dewormer and therefore remain sensitive to anthilmintic so they can breed with resistant worms

Question 19

Do SCC tend to be higher in goats or cattle?

Answer 19

Goats as had apocrine secretion path of milk in goats

Question 20

Most sub clinical cases of mastitis cases in goats are caused by which bacteria?
Most clinical cases are caused by?

Answer 20

Coagulase negative staph
Staph aureus