Sheep

Question 1

Caseous Lyphadenitis

Answer 1

Enters the blood stream through cuts or abrasions. Also through oral and respiratory routes.
Bacteria is localized in lymph nodes.
Chronicle abscesses in lungs, lymph nodes and other places.
Respiratory distress, cough and weight loss.
Vaccinate. Test and cull

Question 2

Caseous

Answer 2

Means cheesy

Poor antibiotic penetration into abscesses

Question 3

Pharyngeal trauma

Answer 3

Inappropriate use of balling guns, syringes, oral specula, stomach tubes

Results in abscesses and cellulitis

Question 4

Cellulitis

Answer 4

Bacterial infection of the skin

Question 5

Pneumonia

Answer 5

Same causative agents as cattle: stress, weaning, transportation, weather, etc.
Its not of the top two causes of morbidity and economic loss in sheep and goats.
Prevalent in feedlots, indoors and over-crowded outdoors.

Question 6

Bacterial causes of pneumonia:

Answer 6

Mannheimia haemolytica
Bibersteinia trehalosi
Pasteurella multocida
Mycoplasma ovipneumonia
Chlamydophila 
Salmonella

Question 7

Viral causes of pneumonia

Answer 7

PI-3, RSV, ovine adenovirus types 1+5

Question 8

Pasteurellosis

Answer 8

Lambs younger than 3 months: septicemia
Lambs older than 3 months: pneumonia
Symptoms: found dead, fever, anorexia, oculonasal discharge, frothy fluid and drooling.
Vaccinate and antibiotics

Question 9

Parasitic pneumonia

Answer 9

Causes: Muellerius capillaris, dictyocaulus filaria
M.capillaris is more serious in goats than sheep
Possibly transmits to Big Horn Sheep

Question 10

Small ruminant lentivirus

Answer 10

Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) 50% seroprevalence
Caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE)
Pulmonary adenomatosis
Transmitted in colostrum

Question 11

Ovine progressive pneumonia

Answer 11

Symptoms: respiratory distress (even when resting), chronic waisting, emancipation despite good appetite.
Test and cull, No vaccine or treatment
Eradication is very expensive
Think of it as AIDS but localized to brain, lungs, joints, mammary glands, not completely immunosuppressive.

Question 12

Pulmonary adenomatosis

Answer 12

Jaagsiekte sheep retro virus (JSRV)
Respiratory secretions 
Long incubation period 
No treatment or vaccine 
Cull suspects

Question 13

Enzootic nasal tumor

Answer 13

Related to JSRV

Question 14

Caprine arthritis-encephalitis

Answer 14

No treatment, no vaccine.
Test and culled
Young goats: encephalomyelitis
Adults: chronic arthritis
Interstitial pneumonia

Question 15

Blue tounge

Answer 15

Infectious, noncontagious 
Transmitted by gnats and biting insects
Late summer/ early fall
Inflammation of the blood vessels, vascular damage, lack of blood flow to tissues, leaky blood vessels in lungs
Vaccinate, most cases will clear up

Question 16

Peridontis

Answer 16

“Broken Mouth”
Poor grazing and lack of oral bacterial flora
Weakened periodontal ligament

Question 17

Enteric diseases of neonatal lambs

Answer 17

E. coli.
Rotavirus
Salmonellosis
Coccidiosis
Giardia

Question 18

Coccidiosis

Answer 18

Concurrent with pneumonia
Treat with drugs and prevent with coccidiostats
Survivors will have good immunity
Rarely bloody like cattle

Question 19

Nematodirus

Answer 19

A nematode is a species of small round worms
Companion of coccidiosis
Lambs are often dead before adult worms are produced
Eggs need cold spell followed by a warm spell
Massively hatch

Question 20

Prolapse

Answer 20

A protrusion of the tissue from the interior of the body to the i exterior
Rectal, vaginal, uterine

Question 21

Rectal prolapse

Answer 21

Sex,age, condition, diet, dock legnth,
Common, can be fatal
Surgery can help if minor

Question 22

Johne’s in sheep

Answer 22

Rarely diarrhea, thin ewes
Test sheep in poorest body condition
No vaccine
Control manure