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Diseases Of Food Animals > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Enteritis

A

Inflammation of the small intestine

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2
Q

Bulldog

A 
Chondrodystrophic dwarfism 
All breeds of cattle 
In Wyoming 
Cleft palate, usually born dead 
Congenital. At birth. 
Short limbs, protruding tongue,
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3
Q

Neoplastic

A

Neo=new

Plasia= form of cancer

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4
Q

Foothill abortion

A 
Parajello tick 
Epizootic abortion 
Weak calves 
No clinical signs with cow 
Endemic CA, NV, OR
Broad spectrum antibiotic
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5
Q

Viral cause of clinical enteritis in calves <2 weeks

A

BVD

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6
Q

Endemic

A

Regularly found

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7
Q

Epizootic

A

Outbreak, wide spread

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8
Q

Gastric ulceration

A

Pigs are found dead and pale
No economic treatment
Irregular feeding, stress, overcrowding
Pigs of all ages

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9
Q

Getting ready of lambing

A

Deworm
Coccidiostat
Don’t feed on ground
Previous history on vaccination

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10
Q

EHD

A

Epizootic Hemorrhagic disease
Deer are natural host
Excessive spit, ulcers on tongue
No vacc, insect control

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11
Q

Syndactyly

A

Fused digits, autosomal recessive

Prone to hypothermia

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12
Q

Hypotrichosis

A

“Hairlessness”
Usually recessive
No teeth
BVD can cause it

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13
Q

Moraxella Boris

A

Pink eye
Summer, flies are host
Catch it early
Treat w/ penicillin

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14
Q

Fall/winter

A

Respiratory diseases in feedlots

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15
Q

Summer

A

Parasites in feedlots

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16
Q

Examples of bacterial digestive diseases

A

Salmonella

Clostridium perfringens

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17
Q

Digestive diseases viruses

A

BVDV
Adenovirus
Coronavirus
MCF

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18
Q

Thrombotic meningo encephalitis

A 
Caused by histophilus somni
Sleeping disease in cattle 
1 week to 10 years old are affected 
Neurological 
Fatal
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19
Q

Sine dysentery

A 
Bacterium 
High morbidity
Transmitted by poop
Grower finisher pigs 
Mucus
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20
Q

swine influenza

A 
Zoonotic 
Overcrowding 
Fever, anorexia 
Vaccinate, avoid temp change '
Fall/winter
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21
Q

Atrophic rhinitis

A

Bacterial infection in the nose
Post weaning
Ugly face

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22
Q

PED

A 
Porcine epidemic diarrhea 
Vomiting and poopin
Sanitize and bio security 
Move all new ones in as a group (Biosecurity) 
High mortality in nursing piglets 
Mult. Strains. Airborne for 10 miles.
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23
Q

Major cause of death in baby pigs

A 
E. Coli 
Coronavirus 
Rotavirus 
Coccidiosis 
C. Perfingens A &amp; C
PED, TGE
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24
Q

PIA

A

Porcine Intestinal Adenomatosis
Hemorrhagic enteritis
Progressive waisting

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25
Q

Leptospirosis

A

Bovine adapted strain= L Hardjo
Zoonotic
In pee
Serological test

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26
Q

Mareks

A 
Chickens, 
Highly contagious 
Hardy 
Vaccinate in ovo 
No treatment
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27
Q

Pine needle abortion

A

Isocopressic acid
Premature birth
Retained placenta

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28
Q

Campy

A

STD
Bacterial
infertility
Effective killed vaccines

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29
Q

Brucellosis

A 
B. Abortus 
 Vaccinate heifers
Lifelong infection
Zoonotic 
Regulated USDA
Test and cull 
Elk and bison
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30
Q

Uterine Prolapse

A

Associated w/: hypocalcemia, difficult calving, retained placenta.
Bacterial

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31
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Water in the brain
Neropathic
Recessive

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32
Q

PSS

A

Pigs, sudden death

Triggered by stress

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33
Q

Osteopetrosis

A

Marble bone disease

Homozygous recessive

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34
Q

Locoweeds

A

Swaisonine

-brisket, encephalopathy, waterbelly, abortions,

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35
Q

Border disease

A

Abortion
BVD vaccines dont worl
Hairyshaker

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36
Q

Displaced abomassum

A

Dairy cattle

Off feed, low milk

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37
Q

Purple gut

A

Clostridium perfringens Co-D

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38
Q

Causes of diarrhea

A 
E. Coli.
Rotavirus 
Coronavirus 
Crypto
Salmonellosis 
Coccidiosis
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39
Q

Johne’s Disease

A 
Cattle, sheep, goats 
MAP
Thin-bright-poop
Test and cull 
Control manure
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40
Q

E. Coli 0157 H7

A

Cattle:nothing
People: undercooked beef contaminated

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41
Q

Hemorrhagic bowel syndrome

A

Only dairy cattle
Fatal
Unknown cause

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42
Q

Bloat treatment

A

Trochar Cannula

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43
Q

Vesicular stomatitis

A 
FMD of horses 
Regulated 
Cattle, pigs and small ruminants
Transmitted via insects
Saliva, blisters, laminitis
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44
Q

Q Fever

A 
Goats more than sheep
Zoonotic
Hardy 
Aerosol 
No vacc
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45
Q

Salmonellosis

A

Abortion in many species
No vacc
Occasional septicemia

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46
Q

What process is necessary for the body to limit the effects of a toxic substance

A

Excretion

Metabolism

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47
Q

What are the processes necessary for a toxic substance to cause harm to an animal

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism

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48
Q

Footrot

A

Lameness, swelling, odor

Foot baths, dry ground

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49
Q

Coccidiosis

A

3-6 months of age
Low weight gains , blood in stool

Drugs

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50
Q

Important parasites for cattle

A

Coccidia
Trichomonas
Ostertagia

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51
Q

When is an agent bad

A

Mult strains
Aerosol
Insects
Infects wildlife

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52
Q

Antibody vs. antigen

A

Antibody responds to antigen

Antigen is a foreign substrate that causes an immune response

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53
Q

AMDUCA

A

Animal medical drug use clarification act

For extra label drug use

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54
Q

NAIS

A

National Animal Identification System

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55
Q

FMD infects….

A

Cattle, sheep, pigs, wildlife
NOT horses
Low milk, saliva, lameness

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56
Q

Frostbite vs. ergotism

A 
Frostbite= environment 
Ergotism= fungal
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57
Q

80/20 rule

A

80- remove dirt

20- disinfect

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58
Q

Innate vs. acquired

A

Innate- born with

Acquired- builds up over time and exposure

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59
Q

Infectious agents

A 
Prions 
Bacterial 
Parasites 
Virus 
Fungi
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60
Q

Prions

A

Small infectious agent thats hardy.

CWD, BSE, Scrapie

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61
Q

Why is single strained virus like BVD Bad Mess

A

Its able to mutate

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62
Q

Hairy heel warts

A

Not viral

Vacc doesn’t work

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63
Q

Common causes of respiratory disease

A

BRSV
BVDV
PI-3

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64
Q

Congenital diseases

A

Goiter
Dwarfism
Cerebral malformations

65
Q

Genetic vs. congenital

A 
Genetic= with genes 
Congenital= with birth
66
Q

Why do antibiotics fail?

A 
Expired 
Improperly handled 
Resistance 
Too advanced
Blood brain barrier
67
Q

How disease spreads

A 
Infected animals 
Carrier animals 
Fecal waste
Vector insects 
Contaminated feed
Improper biosecurity measures
68
Q

Diseases with genetic susceptibility or resistance

A 
TB
Johne's 
Mastitis 
BRD
Lameness 
PGE 
E. Coli.
69
Q

Enteric diseases of young lambs

A

E. Coli.

Coccidiosis/ PGE

70
Q

Dwarfism

A 
Chondrodyplasis 
Inherited defect 
Shorten the or deformed limbs
Shortened height 
Deformed head
71
Q

Digestive diseases (parasites)

A

Coccidiosis
Ostertagia
Fasciola hepatic

72
Q

Mastitis

A

Blue bag= severe
Hardbag= accute
Yellow bag=annaplasmosis

73
Q

White muscle disease

A 
Selenium 
Vitamin e diff
Exercise triggers
Heart attack kills them 
Overtreatment causes same disease
74
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

Cats
Risk to immune surprese3s
Zoonotic
Ionpohors

75
Q

Chlamidophila abortus

A 
Enzootic abortion of sheep 
Zoonotic to pregnant woman 
Common in the world 
Rare in Wy 
Intestinal carries 
Vacc prior to breeding (60-30) days
76
Q

Abortion viruses in sheep

A

Blue tongue, Chache valley virus, schnallenberg

77
Q

Abortion bacteria in sheep

A

Listeriosis, leptospirosis, tularemia

78
Q

Goiter in goats

A 
Non-neoplastic 
Non-inflammation 
Enlarged thyroid gland
Low iodine in diet
Inherited forms
79
Q

Brucellosis in sheep

A

STD
Infertility in rams
Inflammation of epididymus
Buy virgin rams

80
Q

Perinatal

A

Up to 70% less ewes and lambs
Hypothermia
Salmonellosis
Over eating

81
Q

Calf diphtheria

A

Fusobacterium necrophorum
Moth wounds
Smelly
Accute= threat w/ penicillin

82
Q

Vaccinating for BVDV

A

Before breeding
MLV
Annually

83
Q

Testing for BVD

84
Q

PI-persistently infected

A

Introduce infection to herd

Look normal

85
Q

Classical swine fever

A

FMD of pigs
Exotic to the US
High mortality

86
Q

Three pestiviruses

A

BVD
CSF
BD

87
Q

BRD bacteria

A

Mannheimia haemolytica
Histophilus somni
Pasteurella multocida
M. Bovis

88
Q

BRD Viruses

A

IBR
PI-3
RSV
BVD

89
Q

Oxilate

A

Toxicosis- (accute= calcemia) (subacute= renal damage)

Acculimators- halogeyton, greasewood

90
Q

FPT

A

Failure of passive transfer

15%

91
Q

RFM

A

Retained fetal membrane
12 hours postpartum
In danger of endometriosis or womb infection
Use drugs

92
Q

Hereditary chondrodysplasia

A

Spider lamb
Homo recessive
Roman nose

93
Q

Trich

A

STD
Protozoan
Cull bulls
Report to WLSB

94
Q

Neosporosis

A

Most important cause of abortion for dairy cattle
Protozoan
Dogs transmit
Rare inWY

95
Q

Meconium

A

Shit in fetal membrane that is ingested.

Causes foreign body pneumonia

96
Q

Response to hypothermia

A

Use of brown fat
Shivering
Shut off blood from extremities

97
Q

Alkali diseases

A

Selenium accumulator

Loss of hair from tail and mane

98
Q

Nitrate poisoning

A

Dark red blood
Deprives hemoglobin of O2
Plants that are high in nitrogen
Poop, spit, and abortion

99
Q

Cu poisoning

A

Damages RBC
Kidney damage
Feed mixing errors

100
Q

SLUD

A

Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Diarrhea

Insecticide

101
Q

Arsenic

A

Herbicides
Chicken and feed additives
Clinical signs: hemorrhagic enteritis, death

102
Q

Lead poisoning

A

Batteries, old paint, motor oil

Clinical signs: death, neurologic, blind, convulsions

103
Q

Larkspur

A 
Cow poison
Less toxic to sheep. 
Most toxic before flowering 
Paralysis 
Staggering
104
Q

Plant references

A

Weeds of the west
Toxic plants of N. America
USDA poisonous plant research lab
Logan, UT

105
Q

PA’s

Pyrrolizidine alkaloid

A

Hounds tongue
Liver failure
Prone to sunburn

106
Q

Lupinus

“Blue bonnet”

A

Crooked calf

sheep CNS

107
Q

What species is prone to salt poisoning

108
Q

What species is prone to Cu poisoning

109
Q

Hairy heel warts

A

Foot baths
Non-viral
No vaccines

110
Q

Arrowgrass

A

Fast breathing
Death within 2-3 minutes
Cyanide

111
Q

Vet care of young lambs

A

Castrate
Taildocking
Tetanus toxoid
C + D toxoid for clostridial

112
Q

Preconditioning

A

Vacc
Exposure to feed bunk
Parasite control

113
Q

Replacement heifers

A

Allow modest weight gain
Third trimester weight
Well vaccinated
Breed at 15 months

114
Q

Abortion causes in WY

A

Ponderosa pine, locoweed, nitrites

115
Q

Opportunistic diseases

A

BVD
Trichomonisis
Neosporosis
Brucellosis

116
Q

What should you vaccinate for before lambing

A

Clostridial C&D

Tetanus

117
Q

At lambing

A

Iodine naval

Assist if needed

118
Q

After lambing

A

Colostrum intake within 1-2 hour as
Clean pen before next ewe
Prone to hypothermia

119
Q

Inbreeding disorders

A

Goiter
Hemochromatosis
Beta-mannaosidosis

120
Q

Treating diarrhea

A

Catch it early
Give electrolytes
Leave on cow or milk replacer

121
Q

Fluid therapy…

A

Restore lost fluids
Provide electrolytes
Provide energy source
Correct metabolic acidosis

122
Q

With a string of abortions…

A

Submit fetus and placenta

Helpful history

123
Q

Complications of twins and abortion

A

Free Martin’s
Retained placenta
Ketosis
Dystocia

124
Q

Problems with dystocia

A

Operator nerve paralysis

Milk fever- Abomasum displacement

125
Q

Minimizing pathogens at calving

A 
Discourage calving 
Calve heifers first 
Keep calving season short
Calve on pastures 
W/ disease outbreak, move pregnant cattle
126
Q

Abortion rate

A

Less than 2%

127
Q

Problems for dystocia in relation to the calf

A

Broken bones (ribs)
Internal trauma
Swollen head or tongue
Hypoxia-low O2 reaching tissues

128
Q

Abortion in sheep in goats

A

Rate: >5% means there’s a problem
Many agents are zoonotic.
First lambing ewes.
Avoid: vaccinate. Isolate ones that do abort. Discard membranes and fetuses. Feed off the ground.

129
Q

Trich

A

STD
Reportable.
V-brand

130
Q

Ionophores

A

Feed mixing errors
Depression
Weakness due to muscle damage

131
Q

Animal drugs are controlled by…

132
Q

Vaccines are controlled by

133
Q

Myccotoxins

A

Metabolization of fungi

No treatment

134
Q

Rabies

A

Bats in USA.

Control with public education, leash laws, vaccination

135
Q

Vaccination schedule precalving

A

E. Coli+rotavirus+coronavirus—> 7/8 clostridial

136
Q

Vaccinate cows schedule

A

When open
At preg check
In late gestation
Anytime pregnant with FP

137
Q

Calving vaccination schedule

A

Birth
Branding
Preweaning

138
Q

Pneumonia in lambs and kids

A

Common bacteria: pasteurella hemolytica

Predisposing factors: dystocia, low BW, inadequate colostrum, hypothermia, poorly ventilated barns

139
Q

Reasonable vaccination prebreeding

A

4-way: BVD, BRSV, PI-3, IBR
Lepto
Campy
7/8 way clostridial vaccines

140
Q

Polygenic

A

Multiple genes and environment.

X+Y+Z+environment

141
Q

EAE

A

Enzootic Abortion in Ewes

142
Q

Moldy sweet clover

A

Treat with vitamin K

Hemorging, bloody nose, diarrhea

143
Q

Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency

144
Q

How do you administrate Banamine

145
Q

What is a lentivirus

A

A disease with long incubation phases.

146
Q

BVD on brain

A

Cerebellum does not form

147
Q

Pine needle abortion

A

Third trimester

148
Q

Compartment syndrome

A

Pressure damage to Muscle and nerve tissue

149
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Lession from injection

150
Q

Hypothermia in lambs

A

Normal: 100
Hypothermia; <94
Comatose: <84

151
Q

Why is PRRS hard to control

Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome

A

Many strains
Bad vaccine
Overcrowding
Mutates

152
Q

What is adjuvant

A

In vaccines to help immune system recognize the agent

153
Q

Post weaning mult systemic wasting syndrome

A

Respiratory disease complex
Trashes kidney
Vaccination triggers disease

154
Q

Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia

A

Rapid onset
Bacteria complex
Sudden death

155
Q

Highly pathogenic avian influenza

A 
Zoonotic 
Some strains are fatal, most are not 
CNS disease 
High mortality 
50 million birds were destroyed. Costs $550 million in 2015
156
Q

Zoonotic diseases for poultry

A

Salmonella
Campy
E. Coli.
C. Perfingens

157
Q

Leukosis complex

A

Cancer of white blood cells

158
Q

What percentage of the US population are carriers for toxo

159
Q

What agency monitors zoonotic diseases

A

Center of Disease Control

CDC

Diseases Of Food Animals (5 decks)

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