SG 8: Chap 11 Blood Flashcards
Be able to list and explain blood’s 3 functions:
transports: vital materials to the cell, and exports waste produced by cells.
Defense: wbcs and clotting prevents blood loss.
Regulation: of acid-base balance of body fluids & body temp
Be able to list and describe the main elements that composed blood.
the blood is composed of plasma and formed elements which contains wbcs, rbcs and platelets
What kind of tissue is blood?
connective tissue because it contains cellular elements suspended in a matrix
Be able to list the components of plasma
the liquid matrix substance is called the plasma, makes up 55% of blood, serves as a medium in which materials are transported by the blood. almost every substance that is transported by blood is dissolved in the plasma.
describe the function of the three main kinds of
plasma proteins
7-8% of plasma. help balance water flow between the blood and the cell.
Albumins: main for water balaning
Globulins: transport lipids including fats and some cholesterol & fat-soluble vitamins. other globulins are antibodies which provide protection against many diseases.
Clotting proteins: fibrinogen
What are the scientific names for red blood cells (RBC)
erythrocytes
What are the scientific names for white blood cells (WBC)
leukocytes
What are the scientific names for platelets
thrombocytes
Where are wbc,rbc and patelets cells formed?
red bone marrow within the bones
How many RBC are present per mm3? Under which circumstances would this number increase?
4-6 mill per mm3
What is the main function of the RBC?
transport oxygen from lungs to all the cells in the body, and carry 23% of carbon dioxide
Be able to describe the morphology of a RBC. How do these features allow RBC to carry their
function?
metamorphosis: small disk that is indented on both sides. the design maximizes the surface area for gas exchange. erythrocytes are flexible and are able to squeeze through capillaries( vessels where gas exchange occurs)
Be able to describe the basic structure of the hemoglobin molecule.
hemoglobin is the oxygen binding pigment that is responsible for the color. as rbc mature in the red bone marrow It loses its nucleus and most organelles.
How does hemoglobin combine with O2, with CO (carbon monoxide) and with CO2 (carbon dioxide)?
carbon monoxide binds 200 times more readily to hemoglobin molecules causing it to be deadly since if present in can bind to the oxygen binding sites, blocking oxygen from binding to hemoglobin resulting the cells to carry life-giving oxygen to the cells. some carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin as well.
What is hemolysis?
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the rupture or destruction of red blood cells.