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Reproductive System > Sexually Transmitted Infections > Flashcards

Sexually Transmitted Infections Flashcards

1
Q

define bacterial vaginosis

A

a bacterial overgrowth of gardenerella vaginalis leading to vaginal discharge with an associated fishy odour

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2
Q

diagnostic criteria of bacterial vaginosis

A

Amstel criteria - 3/4 must be present to confirm diagnosis

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3
Q

criteria of Amstel criteria for bacterial vaginosis

A

vaginal pH >4.5
homogenous grey discharge
whiff test- 10% potassium hydroxide produces fishy odour
clue cells present on wet mount

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4
Q

management of bacterial vaginosis

A

oral metronidzaole (400mg 2XD for 5-7days) or clindamycin

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5
Q

management of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy

A

oral metronidzaole (400mg 2XD for 5-7 days) or intravaginal gel (1XD for 5 days)

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6
Q

risks associated with bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy

A

preterm rupture of membranes

premature labour

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7
Q

define genital chlamydia infection

A

an infection caused by chlamydia trachomatis bacterium

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8
Q

clinical features of chlamydia

A

can be asymptomatic but can present with:

urethral discharge and dysuria in men

dysuria, intermenstrual bleeds and vaginal discharge in women

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9
Q

investigations of chlamydia

A

endo-cervical swab for NAAT

urine and urethral swab for NAAT

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10
Q

management of chlamydia

A

doxycycline BD for 7 days OR azithromycin 1g single dose

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11
Q

define genital candidiasis

A

an infection caused by candida albicans

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12
Q

risk factors of genital candidiasis

A

pregnancy
antibiotics
immunosuppression

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13
Q

clinical features of genital candidiasis in women

A 
itching 
thick white curdly discharge 
sour milk odour 
dysuria 
superficial dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
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14
Q

clinical features of genital candidiasis in men

A

soreness
pruritis
redness

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15
Q

management of genital candidiasis

A

intravaginal antifungal cream/pessary

oral antifungal

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16
Q

examples of intravaginal antifungal creams/pessarys

A

clotrimazole
econazole
miconazole
fenticonazole

17
Q

examples of oral antifungals

A

fluconazole

itraconazole

18
Q

management of genital candidiasis in pregnancy

A

clotrimazole

miconazole

19
Q

define molluscum conatgiosum

A

an infection caused by the poxvirus that is transmitted via skin-skin contact

20
Q

clinical features of molluscum contagiosum

A

small and smooth pearly coloured papules with central area of umbilication

21
Q

management of molluscum contagiosum

A

can clear spontaneously after 3mnths

cryotherapy

22
Q

define gonorrhoea

A

a STI caused by Neisseria gonorrhoea - a gram -ve diplococci

23
Q

clinical features of gonorrhoea in men

A 
mucopurulent or purulent discharge 
dysuria 
anal discharge 
perianal/anal pain 
pruritus 
pharyngeal infection
24
Q

clinical features of gonorrhoea in women

A

increase or altered vaginal discharge (mucopurulent)
lower abdominal pain
contact-induced bleeds
dysuria

25
Q

investigation of gonorrhoea

A

nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) via vulvovaginal swab or first-pass urine sample

26
Q

management of gonorrhoea

A

ceftriaxone (500mg IM) or oral azithromycin (1g)

27
Q

define trichomoniasis

A

a sexually transmitted infection caused by flagellated protozoan trichomonas vaginalis

28
Q

clinical features of trichomoniasis

A

can be asymptomatic but if symptomatic:

women

  • frothy yellow discharge
  • vulval itching
  • dysuria
  • offensive odor
  • lower abdominal discomfort

men

  • dysuria
  • uretheral discharge
29
Q

investigations of trichomoniasis

A

NAAT for T.vaginalis and other STIs via high vaginal swab or urethral swab or first-void urine

30
Q

management of trichomoniasis

A 
avoidance of sexual intercourse for 1wk following treatment 
oral metronidazole (2g single dose or 400-500mg 2XD for 5-7 days)
31
Q

define genital herpes

A

an infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 or HSV-2) that causes oral, genital and ocular ulcers

32
Q

most common cause of genital herpes

A

HSV-2

33
Q

clinical features of first episode of genital herpes

A 
multiple painful blisters that develop into erosions and ulcers 
vaginal or urethral discharge 
local oedema 
tingling/neuropathic pain 
fever 
headache 
dysuria 
malaise
34
Q

investigations of genital herpes

A

viral culture of site swabs

PCR or NAAT of ulcer base

35
Q

supportive management of genital herpes

A

saline bathing
oral analgesics
topical lidocaine
increase fluid intake

36
Q

medical management of genital herpes

A

aciclovir (400mg 3XD for 5 days)

valciclovir (500mg 2XD for 5 days)

37
Q

medical management of genital herpes in pregnancy

A

oral aciclovir (400mg 3XD)

Reproductive System (12 decks)

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