Cervical Cancer and Screening Flashcards
define cervical cancer
a cancer of the cervix caused by persistent infection with HPV
describe the two types of cervical cancer
squamous cell carcinoma (70-80%) cervical adenocarcinoma (10%)
risk factors of cervical cancer
HPV 16 + 18 multiple sexual partners immunosuppression smoking combined oral contraceptive
clinical features of cervical cancer
intermenstrual bleed post-coital bleeds vaginal discomfort urinary or bowel habit change suprapubic pain
common examination findings in cervical cancer
abnormal white/red patches on cervix
pelvic bulkiness on bimanual palpation
mass on PR examination
investigations of cervical cancer
urgent colposcopy with cone biopsy
CT-PAP
bloods (FBC, LFTs, RFTs and STI screen)
management of early cervical cancer (fertility sparing)
conisation with free margins
radical trachelectomy
management of early cervical cancer (non-fertility sparing)
laparoscopic hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy
management of invasive and early metastatic cervical cancer
radical (Wertheims) hysterectomy
management of Stage II and III cervical cancer
large loop excision of transformation zone
management of Stage IV cervical cancer
radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy
describe the UK cervical screening programme
the screening programme runs for patients between 25-64 yrs of age with female sexual organs
how often are women aged 24-49yrs called for cervical screening
every 3 years
how often are women >50yrs called for cervical screening
every 5 years
steps for women with -ve cervical screen result
patients reenter general population pool and are recalled after next time interval finishes
