Sexuality/lavender linguistics

Question 1

LGBTQ context

Answer 1

1950-80s: oppressed minority, with a lot of shame attached to being part of the community from outsiders

• police activity against gay men in particular was rife
• Mono sexuality made legal 1967: however between then and 2003, over 30,000 arrests made were in discrimination against the community for a crime that no longer existed

Question 2

Polari

Answer 2

• private language between gay community
• used throughout 1950s/60s as a coded form to allow people to speak freely and to identify other members of the community
• it was necessary for many

Question 3

lavender linguistics

Answer 3

study of language as used by members of the LGBT community

Question 4

William Leap

Answer 4

• 1955

- one of the leaders of lavender linguistics

Question 5

Judith Butler

Answer 5

• 1990
• gender is a performance
• people may consciously or unconsciously modify their speech style to conform to their chosen gender role
• gay men are often associated with femininity in their speech styles

Question 6

Micheal Halliday: Anti-language

Answer 6

• 1978
• used the term to describe the lingua franca of an anti-society
• a way of communicating within a language that excludes outsiders
• polari is an example

Question 7

Jason Cromwell

Answer 7

• the use of protective language
• suggests a protective code is used among transvestites and transsexuals in public places in order to conceal their identities

Question 8

Glorianne M. Leck

Answer 8

• talks about the power of language in general and its real-world effects on the lives of lesbians and gay men