Sexual Self Flashcards
What is influenced by physical, psychological, spiritual and cultural factors.
Human sexuality
As sexual beings, people are identified by ___, ___, ____, and ____.
gender, role, assignment and perception
Human sexuality is now ____ nowadays due to different types of _______
diverse, sexuality
The ____ are different in shape and structure, but both are specifically designed to produce, nourish and transport either the egg or the sperm.
Sexes
• A person or animal having both male and female sex organs or other sexual characteristics, either abnormally or (in the case of some organisms) as the natural condition.
Third Sex or Hermaphrodite
defined as how one thinks about himself or herself as a sexual individual
Sexual Selfhood
In Ancient Greece, It is the ____ that assumes the dominant role.
male
- The male symbol, the ____, was viewed as the symbol of ____ and how the male body structured was greatly admired.
penis, fertility
In Ancient Greece, ____ were considered as an object
wives
In Ancient Greece, ____ are
Forbidden to own property and to have legal and political rights
Not even allowed to read or write
The only function was to bear children
Women
Greek word for women means bearer of children
Gyne
The church decreed that all sexual acts that do not lead to procreation were considered evil.
Middle Ages (476 -1450)
The reason for sexual intimacy was to strengthen the physical and emotional bond between husbands and wives not just for procreation.
Protestant Formation of the 16th Century
- Puritans had positive views on marital sex and did not condone sex outside marriage.
the 17th and 18th Century
- Women were told that they should not enjoy having sex, if they did, there is something wrong with them.
Victorian Era
- In the Victorian Era, ____ more than once month would greatly weaken a man and ______ leads to blindness, insanity, and death.
Ejaculating, masturbation
- Sexuality became more evident and accepted in society.
20th Century
In this aspect of sexuality, The brain initiates and organizes sexual behavior
Biological
- The next generation oh human beings are created by the fusion of the ____ and ____ cell.
egg and sperm
the one to three-year process of hormonal and physical change that causes the young person to reach sexual maturity.
Puberty
girls usually enter puberty about a ____ earlier than boys.
year (or two)
- During Puberty, the _____ ____ _______ develop
secondary sex characteristics
- These are traits that differ between the two sexes but are not part of the reproductive system; including ____ in females and ____ ___ in males.
breast, facial hair
- When secondary characteristics appear, _____ _____ begins. The _____ ___is the key player involved. It secretes hormones and signals the adrenal gland to release ______.
sexual maturation, pituitary gland, androgens
Breasts enlarge
Hair growth under arms and pubic area
Hip widens
Skin becomes oily and pores enlarge
Secondary Sex Characteristics for Girls
Voice becomes much lower (breaks)
Hair growth on chest, face, underarms, arm, legs, and pubic area
Increase in muscle size
Skin becomes oily and pores enlarge
Secondary Sex Characteristics for Boys
- Ovaries
- Fallopian Tubes
- Uterus
- Vagina
Primary Sex Characteristics for Girls
- Testes
- Penis
- Scrotum
- Seminal Vesicles and prostate glands
Primary Sex Characteristics for Boys
During Infancy, In the first weeks of ___, the internal, as well as the _____ ____ structures at all human fetuses, are the same.
gestation, external genital
- The gender of the baby is conspicuous within ___ to ___ weeks of pregnancy.
16th to 18th
- The thread like structures in the nucleus of the cell of the body are composed of genes which are the basic unit of heredity.
Chromosomes
An aspect of sexual self that involves natural selection
Sociological / Evolutionary
- A process by which organisms that are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive.
Natural Selection
- On the basis of human sexual behavior, natural selection all begins with ____ ________.
physical attraction
- Sexual preference for females with ___ _____and males with ____ _______and ____ _____is instinctively more _____ survival than for pleasure or a social status.
big breast, broad shoulders and muscular torsos, genetic survival
According to _____, Sexuality is not a mere _____ _____. But, it involves _____, thoughts and beliefs. (Psychological)
Rosenthal, physical response, emotions
According to ____, - Humans are faced by two forces: ____ ____or ____ (pleasure) and ______ _____ (harm toward oneself or toward others).(Psychological)
Freud, Sex instinct or libido, Aggressive Instinct
- Holds a positive and nature outlook toward marital sex which they consider as blessed by God and pleasure for both men and women. (Religion)
Judaism
- Family is considered of utmost important, and celibacy within marriage is prohibited (Religion)
Islam
- Sex is not only natural and healthy, but a sacred union is necessary to people’s physical, mental, and spiritual being. (Religion)
Taoism
- Sexuality is seen as spiritual force, and the act of ritual lovemaking is a means of both celebrating and transcending the physical.
Hinduism
- Marriage is purely for intercourse and procreation.
Roman Catholic Church
Human Sexual Response Cycle (HSRC)
Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, Resolution
- Initial physical response to sexual arousal
- Characterized by an increase in heart rate and blood pressure as well as heightened muscle tone.
Human Sexual Response Cycle (HSRC)
Excitement
- Period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm
- Characterized by intensification of the changes begun during the excitement phase.
Human Sexual Response Cycle (HSRC)
Plateau
- Characterized by waves of intense pleasure (climax), often associated with vaginal contractions in females and ejaculations in males.
Human Sexual Response Cycle (HSRC)
Orgasm
- The body returns to its non-excited state.
Human Sexual Response Cycle (HSRC)
Resolution
_____ has included stage of ____ prior to excitement which is a drive or motivation to seek out sexual objects or to engage in sexual activities.
Rosenthal, desire
_______ Model of _____ response was introduced by ____ ____ ____which includes only sexual desire, excitement and orgasm.
Triaphasic Model of Sexual Response, Helen Singer Kaplan
- _____ ____ ______Theory by ____ ___. His theory includes four stages: seduction, sensation, surrender, and reflection.
Erotic Stimulus Pathway, David Reed
_____ is a characteristic that causes pleasure or interest by appealing to a person’s desire or tastes, and cause one to be drawn to the other.
Attraction
• Criteria of beauty are _____ and vary over time in different cultures
subjective
Three Phases of Romantic Love
Lust, Attraction, Attachment
This is described as an intense craving for sexual contact.
Hormonal and neural pathways involved: Androgen and estrogen, pheromones and senses.
Three Phases of Romantic Love
Lust Phase
Characteristics: Couples are infatuated and pursued a relationship
Hormonal and Neural Pathways involved: High dopamine and Norepinephrine; low serotonin
Three Phases of Romantic Love
Attraction Phase
Characteristics: Long-term bond between partners; with feeling of security, comfort, and emotional union
Hormonal and Neural Pathways involved: Oxytocin, Vasopressin
Three Phases of Romantic Love
Attachment Phase
Biochemicals involved in mood, motivation, attention, and excitement.
Dopamine and Norepinephrine
Biochemical associated with mood, obsession, sex and sleep
Seratonin
Biochemical that increase the level of DA and NE especially in the pathways involving mood and pleasure.
Phenylethylamine
Biochemicals important in trust, empathy, emotional accessibility, pair bonding, and close relationship
Oxytocin and vasopressin
Biochemical named for “endogenous morphine”, the body’s natural opiate, similar to the man-made drugs morphine or heroine
Endorphins
John Lee’s Love Styles
Eros Agape Storge Ludus Mania Pragma
John Lee’s Love Styles
Love is based on strong sexual and emotional component
The ___ lover dreams of the ideal characteristics of a partner and usually experience love at first sight.
The relationship seldom lasts forever because they tend to be quick to fall in and out of love.
Eros
John Lee’s Love Styles
Altruistic and selfless love
The person shows his love without expecting to receive the same in return
This type of love is more acceptable to women than men
Agape
John Lee’s Love Styles
Love-related friendship and based on nonsexual affection
____ lovers don’t suddenly fall in love with an idealized lover.
Commitment, stability and comfort are their goals.
Storge
John Lee’s Love Styles
Love is just a game, something for fun or entertainment
____ lovers do not experience jealousy. They don’t have value commitment or intimacy
Manipulate their partner by lying, cheating, and deceiving.
Ludus
John Lee’s Love Styles
an intense feeling which may lead to obsessive and possessive love toward the loved one.
____ lovers always check the partner’s whereabouts and easily get jealous
Easily taken advantage of by ludic lovers.
Mania
a practical and business-like love.
_____ lovers may plan the best time to get married, have children, and other future plans.
Love is based on what is appropriate.
Pragma
What are the components of the Triangular Theory of Love (______, 1986)
Robert Stenberg, Intimacy, Passion, Commitment
A theory of why people fall in love when someone received a reward a positive feeling may be experienced.
Behavior Reinforcement Theory
A theory of why people fall in love where the body experience physiological change first, then people assign an emotion to that physical sensation.
Physiological Arousal Theory
Theories of why people fall in love that explains that love arouse due to sociobiological needs.
Evolutionary Theories
Factors that would determine with whom people fall in love:
Physical attractiveness
Reciprocity
Proximity
Similarities
____ ______has emerged as new phenomenon in adolescence and that it is important that sexuality be viewed as a normal aspect of adolescent development.
Sexual Arousal
Adolescent’s sexual identity includes ___ _____, his ability to manage sexual ____ and his capacity to regulate his sexual ____ to avoid undesirable consequences.
sexual orientation, feelings, behavior
____ refers to the characteristics of people as males or females, that are socially constructed
Gender
___ ____ is a set of expectations that prescribes how females and male should think, act, and feel.
Gender role
the biological indicators of male and female or having the capacity to reproduce
Sex and sexual
the initial assignment as male or female which usually at birth
Gender assignment
official and usually legal chance of gender
Gender reassignment
a category of social identity that refers to an individual’s identification as male, female, or some category other than male or female.
Gender Identity
the qualities and behaviors judged by a particular culture to be ideally associated with or especially appropriate to men and boys
Masculine
the qualities and behaviors judged by a particular culture to be ideally associated with or especially appropriate to women and girls
Feminine
both masculine and feminine traits, feelings, and qualities.
Androgyny
persons with an excessive interest in sex to the point where it can cause problems in one’s life.
Hypersexual
LGBTQ stands for
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer
- Describes a person’s enduring physical, romantic, and or emotional attraction to another person. It is expressed in thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs, and attitudes.
Sexual orientation / Sexuality
refers to social characteristics that may or may be aligned with person’s sex and adopted by an individual as their gender identity.
Gender
how you, in your head, think about yourself. It’s the chemistry that composes you (e.g. hormonal levels) and how you interpret what that means.
Gender identity
how you demonstrate your gender (based on traditional gender traits) through the ways you act, dress, behave, and interact.
Gender Expression
refers to the objectively measurable organs, hormones, and chromosomes. Female = vagina, ovaries, XX chromosomes; male = penis, testes, XY chromosomes; intersex = a combination of the two.
Biological Sex
who you are physically, spiritually, and emotionally attracted to based on their sex/gender in relation to your own.
Sexual Orientation
a person whose sexual orientation is toward another the same sex
Homosexual
used to describe a woman whose sexual and romantic attraction toward women
Lesbian
used to describe a man whose sexual and romantic attraction toward men
Gay
a person whose sexual orientation is toward other opposite sex
Heterosexual
a person who may be sexually oriented to both men and women.
Bisexual
a new sexual orientation of persons who are sexually attracted to people regardless of their sex or gender identity
Pansexual
an adjective use to describe people who do not experience sexual attraction
Asexual
an adjective used to describe people who do not experience romantic attraction
Aromantic
an adjective used by some people, particularly younger people, whose sexual orientation is not exclusively heterosexual.
Queer
A person who self-identifies as LGBTQ in their personal, public and or professional lives. Preferred to openly gay.
Out
describes a person who is not open about their sexual orientation or gender identity. Not out to others dues to fear of rejection, harassment, violence, losing one’s job or other concerns.
Closeted
Sexual Transmitted Infections (STIs)
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) / AIDS (acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Genital Herpes Genital Warts Gonorrhea Syphilis Chlamydia
Methods of Contraception
Hormonal
Barrier
Behavioral
Sterilization
Oral Contraceptive Pills The patch The ring Implants Injectable are examples of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ method of contraception
Hormonal Method of Contraception
Contraception Method that prevents the release of an egg or ovulation
Hormonal Method of Contraception
a small patch you stick on to the skin that releases estrogen and progestogen
The patch
small plastic ring a woman inserts into her vagina every month and releases hormones to stop ovulation
The ring
a small flexible rod that is place under the skin of the upper arm by a health professions and release progestogen to stop ovulation
Implants
contraceptive injection which is a long-acting reversible contraception. It is more than 99% effective.
Injectable
Diaphragm
Cervical Caps
Male and Female Condoms or spermicides
are examples of _______ method of contraception
Barrier Method of Contraception
a soft dome made of latex or silicone and is used with spermicide
Diaphragm
put into the vagina to cover the cervix and are 92 to 96% effective when used.
Cervical Caps
Rhythm or Calendar Method Abstinence or celibacy Outercourse Withdrawal are examples of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ method of contraception
Behavioral Method of Contraception
procedure that make an individual permanently incapable of conceiving
Sterilization
Tubal ligation/sterilization Vasectomy Intrauterine Device Emergency Contraception are examples of \_\_\_\_\_\_
Sterilization
fallopian tubes are tied to precent eggs from travelling to the uterus so a woman cannot get pregnant.
Tubal ligation/sterilization
the surgeon makes a small cut in the upper part of the scrotum then ties or blocks the vas deferens.
Vasectomy
a small device that is placed in the uterus by a doctor to prevent pregnancy
Intrauterine Device
a measure that protects against pregnancy after unprotected sex has already occurred.
Emergency Contraception
treat people with _____.
respect
